Page 162 - Veterinary Toxicology, Basic and Clinical Principles, 3rd Edition

Regulatory Aspects for the Drugs and Chemicals Used in Food-Producing Animals Chapter | 7 129

VetBooks.ir and administrative provisions of the member states, relating and microbiological ADI, ARfD) are most often estab-
lished for veterinary drugs and chemicals used in animal
to restrictions on the marketing and use of certain danger-
food using a POD based on adversity from a toxicity study
ous substances and preparations.
in experimental animals or for calculation of a MOE. A
critical factor in the medication of all food-producing ani-
CONCLUDING REMARKS mals, with veterinary drugs and feed additive coccidiostats,
is the mandatory withdrawal period. Failure to keep the
AND FUTURE DIRECTIONS
preslaughter withdrawal period while using a veterinary
Drugs feed additives, biocides and chemicals are indis- drug is the major cause of violative drug tissue residues in
pensable for the production of food animals. Complicated food animal production in the EU. The establishment of
and extensive systems for the marketing authorization of MLRs for veterinary drugs has been submitted in the last
veterinary medicinal products and other chemical com- year to change in its calculation to a better harmonization
pounds have existence in the EU. These systems attempt of Codex Alimentarius residue assessment procedures for
to ensure the quality, efficacy (including an objective chemicals in food.
overall assessment of the risk/benefit balance of the final The area of regulations covering industrial chemicals
product) and safety of veterinary drugs and feed additives. is one of increasing harmonization within the EU. The
Safety to consumers is utmost importance and this regulations and administrative provisions relating to the
demands a meticulous assessment of pharmacological, CLP of dangerous substances on the evaluation and con-
toxicological, microbiological, and residues data. The trol of the risk of existing substances are reviewed.
marketing authorization procedure for veterinary medici- Moreover, REACH came into force in 2007, addressing
nal products in the EU is of great interest in terms of RA the production and use of chemical substances, and their
of residues. The main human health risks from drug resi- potential impacts on both human health and the
dues in foods are the acute toxic effects (i.e., hypersensi- environment.
tivity, pharmacological effects, and teratogenic effects)
and the long-term chronic effects (carcinogenesis).
Carryover in the feed of coccidiostats and other medi- REFERENCES
cated feed can result in the exposure of nontarget animal
Anado ´n, A., 2006. The EU ban of antibiotics as feed additives.
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