Page 660 - Veterinary Toxicology, Basic and Clinical Principles, 3rd Edition

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VetBooks.ir clearance, elevated BUN, and proteinuria indicate renal Dorman, D.C., Parker, A.J., Dye, J.A., et al., 1990b. Bromethalin toxico-
sis in the cat. Prog. Vet. Neurol. 1, 189 196.
function impairment. Alopecia is usually observed 3 or 4
Dorman, D.C., Simon, J., Harlin, K.A., et al., 1990c. Diagnosis of bro-
weeks postexposure, thus diminishing the timely treatment.
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Dorman, D.C., Zachary, J.F., Buck, W.B., 1992. Neuropathologic find-
Treatment ings of bromethalin toxicosis in cat. Vet. Pathol. 29, 139 144.
Eason, C.T., Gooneratne, R., Fitzgerald, H., et al., 1993. Persistence of
Therapy for Tl poisoning should be instituted as early as sodium monofluoroacetate in livestock animals and risk to humans.
possible. In the case of acute oral ingestion, supportive Hum. Exp. Toxicol. 13 (2), 119 122.
care should include induction of vomiting, followed by Easterwood, L., Chaffin, M.K., Marsh, P.S., et al., 2010. Phosphine
gastric lavage and use of laxatives to remove Tl as much intoxication following oral exposure of horses to aluminium
as possible from the GI tract. Prussian blue (potassium phosphide-treated feed. J. Am. Vet. Med. Assoc. 236 (4), 446 450.
ferric hexacyanoferrate (II)) is the treatment of choice for Edmunds, M., Sheehan, T.M., Van’t Hoff, W., 1986. Strychnine poison-
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tract, making it unavailable for absorption or reabsorption.
Egyed, M.N., 1979. Mass poisoning in dogs due to meat contaminated
Hemodialysis and hemoperfusion can be used to remove
by sodium fluoroacetate or fluoroacetamide: special reference to the
Tl from the circulation. At later stages of the treatment,
differential diagnosis. Fluoride 12 (2), 76 84.
potassium can be used to mobilize Tl from the tissues.
Elliot, W.B., Kalnitsky, G., 1996. Mechanism for Fluoroacetate Inhibition.
Maintenance of vital organ functions should be a priority, Govt. Reports Announcements & Index (GRA&I), Issue 02.
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Conclusion regulation of phosphofructokinase activity during fluoroacetate poi-
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Tl is one of the most toxic heavy metals used as a rodenti-
Gooneratne, S.R., Eason, C.T., Dickson, C.J., et al., 1995. Persistence of
cide. It produces a wide range of toxic effects involving
sodium monofluoroacetate in rabbits and risk to non-target species.
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GI effects are of primary concern. Exposure with a high Gosselin, R.E., Smith, R.P., Hodge, H.C., 1984. Clinical Toxicology of
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is based on clinical signs and Tl detection in urine, serum, toxicity of thallium. In: Nriagu, J.O. (Ed.), Thallium in the
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