Page 1292 - Small Animal Internal Medicine, 6th Edition
P. 1292

1264   PART XII   Oncology


                                                                 cell population is homogeneous (i.e.,  >70% of the cells
                                                                 resemble one another) or heterogeneous. If the population
  VetBooks.ir                                                    is homogeneous, it is either a normal node (i.e., the cells are
                                                                 normal lymphocytes) or it is neoplastic (lymphoma or
                                                                 metastasis); if it is heterogeneous, it is either reactive, inflam-
                                                                 matory, or early neoplastic.

                                                                 Suggested Readings
                                                                 Baker R, et al. Color atlas of cytology of the dog and cat. St Louis:
                                                                  Mosby; 2000.
                                                                 Ballegeer EA, et al. Correlation of ultrasonographic appearance of
                                                                  lesions and cytologic and histologic diagnoses in splenic aspi-
                                                                  rates from dogs and cats: 32 cases (2002-2005). J Am Vet Med
                                                                  Assoc. 2007;230:690.
                                                                 Barton CL. Cytologic diagnosis of cutaneous neoplasia: an algorith-
            FIG 74.14                                             mic approach. Compend Contin Educ. 1987;9:20.
            Photomicrograph of a fine-needle aspirate from a reactive   Bertazzolo W, et al. Canine angiosarcoma: cytologic, histologic, and
            lymph node in a dog. Note the heterogeneous population
            of lymphoid cells (small, medium, and large), plasma cells,   immunohistochemical correlations. Vet Clin Pathol. 2005;34:28.
            and macrophages (×1000).                             Bonfanti U, et al. Diagnostic value of cytologic examination of
                                                                  gastrointestinal tract  tumors in dogs and cats: 83 cases
                                                                  (2001-2004). J Am Vet Med Assoc. 2006;229:1130.
                                                                 Cohen M, et al. Evaluation of sensitivity and specificity of cytologic
            response to multiple antigens). Reactive lymph nodes in cats   examination: 269 cases (1999-2000).  J Am Vet Med Assoc.
            frequently lack plasma cells but contain large numbers of   2003;222:964.
            lymphoblasts, so they may be difficult to distinguish from   Cowell RL, et al. Diagnostic cytology and hematology of the dog and
            lymphoma.                                             cat. 3rd ed. St Louis: Elsevier; 2007.
                                                                 Ghisleni G, et al. Correlation between fine-needle aspiration cytol-
            Lymphadenitis                                         ogy and histopathology in the evaluation of cutaneous and sub-
            Inflammatory processes affecting the lymph nodes produce   cutaneous masses from dogs and cats. Vet Clin Pathol. 2006;35:24.
            cytologic changes similar to the ones seen in reactive lymph-  Grimes JA, et al. Agreement between cytology and histopathology
                                                                  for regional lymph node metastasis in dogs with melanocytic
            adenopathy, although there is a profusion of bloodborne   neoplasms. Vet Pathol. 2017;54:579.
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            tions) and degenerative changes (e.g., pyknosis, karyor-  staining of canine mast cell tumor aspirates.  Vet Clin Pathol.
            rhexis)  in  most  cell  lines.  The  etiologic  agents  may  be   2013;42:99.
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                                                                 Millward L. Cytology from Fine- Needle Aspirates. Veterinary
            Neoplasia                                             Team Brief. October:27; 2017.
            Neoplastic cells can appear in a lymph node either as a result   Morrison WB, et al. Advantages and disadvantages of cytology and
            of lymphatic or vascular dissemination (i.e., metastasis from   histopathology for the diagnosis of cancer. Semin Vet Med Surg.
            a primary tumor draining into the lymph node) or as a   1993;8:222.
            primary process affecting these structures (i.e., lymphomas).   Powe JR, et al. Evaluation of the cytologic diagnosis of canine pros-
                                                                  tatic disorders. Vet Clin Pathol. 2004;33:150.
            Cytologic features of metastatic lymph node lesions consist   Radin MJ, et al. Interpretation of canine and feline cytology. Wilm-
            of a reactive pattern and the presence of neoplastic cells; in   ington, Del: Gloyd Group; 2001.
            advanced metastatic lesions it is frequently difficult to iden-  Raskin RE, et al. Atlas of canine and feline cytology. Philadelphia:
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            effaced by the tumor. The morphology of the metastatic cells   Sharkey LC, et al. Maximizing the diagnostic value of cytology in
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            morphous population of large, immature lymphoid cells;   Stockhaus C, et al. A multistep approach in the cytologic evaluation
            these cells are usually large and have an abnormally low N:C   of liver biopsy samples of dogs with hepatic diseases. Vet Pathol.
            ratio, coarse chromatin, and evident nucleoli. As discussed   2004;41:461.
            previously, small cell lymphomas are difficult to diagnose   Vignoli M, et al. Computed tomography-guided fine-needle aspira-
                                                                  tion and tissue-core biopsy of bone lesions in small animals. Vet
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            Decision Making in Lymph Node                        Wang KY, et al. Accuracy of ultrasound-guided fine-needle aspira-
                                                                  tion of the liver and cytologic findings in dogs and cats: 97 cases
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            From our perspective, the easiest approach to classifying a   Wellman ML. The cytologic diagnosis of neoplasia. Vet Clin N Am.
            lymph node cytologically is to first determine whether the   1990;20:919.
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