Page 1468 - Small Animal Internal Medicine, 6th Edition

1440 PART XIV Infectious Diseases

TABLE 92.4 TABLE 92.6
VetBooks.ir Empirical Antibiotic Choices for Dogs and Cats With Empirical Antibiotic Choices for Dogs and Cats With
Bone or Joint Infections
CNS or Muscle Infections
SYNDROME OR ORGAN SYSTEM OR
ORGANISM FIRST CHOICE ANTIBIOTICS INFECTIOUS AGENT FIRST CHOICE ANTIBIOTICS

Bacterial Chloramphenicol OR Bone
encephalitis Quinolone OR Discospondylitis Amoxicillin-clavulanate OR
Trimethoprim-sulfonamide OR Clindamycin OR
Metronidazole First-generation cephalosporin OR
Bacterial otitis Amoxicillin-clavulanate OR Chloramphenicol OR
media/interna Clindamycin OR Quinolone OR
First-generation cephalosporin OR Osteomyelitis Amoxicillin-clavulanate OR
Quinolone OR Clindamycin OR
Chloramphenicol First-generation cephalosporin OR
Hepatozoon Acute: clindamycin, AND Chloramphenicol OR
americanum Trimethoprim – sulfonamide Quinolone
Chronic: decoquinate
Polyarthritis
Neospora Clindamycin AND
caninum Trimethoprim-sulfonamide Anaplasma (platys or Doxycycline OR
Toxoplasma Clindamycin OR phagocytophilum) Chloramphenicol
gondii Azithromycin OR Bartonella spp. Doxycycline AND
Trimethoprim-sulfonamide Quinolone OR
Azithromycin
Borrelia burgdorferi Doxycycline OR
TABLE 92.5 Amoxicillin
Ehrlichia canis Doxycycline OR
Empirical Antibiotic Choices for Dogs and Cats With Chloramphenicol OR
Hepatic and Gastrointestinal Infections # Imidocarb
Ehrlichia ewingii Doxycycline
INFECTIOUS AGENT FIRST CHOICE ANTIBIOTICS
L-form bacteria or Doxycycline OR
Bacterial Amoxicillin or amoxicillin Mycoplasma Quinolone OR
cholangiohepatitis clavulanate OR Chloramphenicol
First-generation cephalosporin OR Rickettsia rickettsii Doxycycline OR
Metronidazole AND Quinolone OR
Quinolones (if septic) Chloramphenicol
Campylobacter spp.* Azithromycin OR
Erythromycin OR
Quinolone
Improving the blood supply and oxygenation of the
Clostridium Penicillin derivative OR infected area is the primary goal for treatment of anaerobic
perfringens* Tylosin OR
Metronidazole infections. Antibiotic therapy should be used concurrently
Helicobacter spp. Metronidazole plus amoxicillin with drainage or debridement. Parenteral antibiotics should
be administered for several days in dogs or cats with pyo-
Hepatic Neomycin OR thorax, pneumonia, peritonitis, or clinical signs consistent
encephalopathy Ampicillin OR with bacteremia. Beta lactam antibiotics, chloramphenicol,
Metronidazole clindamycin, metronidazole, and penicillin G are commonly
Salmonella spp.* Ampicillin or amoxicillin AND used for the treatment of anaerobic infections (see Tables
Quinolones* 92.1 and 92.3).
Small intestinal Penicillin derivative OR
bacterial Metronidazole OR BACTEREMIA AND BACTERIAL
overgrowth* Tylosin ENDOCARDITIS

# See the text for a discussion of treatment of protozoal infections.
*Usually only administered parenterally for the treatment of Bacteremia can be transient, intermittent, or continuous.
bacteremia/sepsis. Cases with diarrhea only generally respond to Routine dentistry is a common cause of transient bactere-
dietary changes and probiotic administration. mia. Immunosuppressed or critically ill animals commonly