Page 156 - Veterinary Immunology, 10th Edition

Respiratory Tract, 56
VetBooks.ir Resolution of Inflammation, 57

LEARNING OBJECTIVES

After reading this chapter, you should be able to:
• Explain the origins, relationships, and life history of monocytes and

macrophages.
• Identify a macrophage based on its morphology.

• Explain the importance of macrophages in inflammation.
• Describe the importance of macrophages in repairing damaged tissues and
initiating the wound healing process.

• Explain how macrophages generate the powerful oxidizing agent, nitric oxide.
• Understand the important role that macrophages play as antigen-presenting cells
for the adaptive immune system.

• Describe the two major functional subclasses of macrophages and the
significance of this polarization in combating infection and restoring tissue
integrity.

• Explain the role of macrophages in granuloma formation.
• Define monocyte, macrophage, reactive nitrogen species, macrophage
activation, granuloma, and pulmonary intravascular macrophage.

• Explain how the respiratory tract is cleared of foreign particles.
• Explain the role of macrophages in removing foreign material from the
bloodstream.

Although neutrophils act as a first line of defense, mobilizing

rapidly, converging, and eating and killing invading
microorganisms with enthusiasm, they cannot, by themselves,
ensure that all invaders are killed. The body therefore employs a

“backup” system employing multipurpose phagocytic cells
collectively known as macrophages. Macrophages differ from
neutrophils in their speed of response, which is slower; in their
antimicrobial abilities, which are greater; and in their ability to

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