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Initial Experience of Midwest Nurse
Practitioners During the COVID-19 Pandemic
Brandi Pravecek, DNP, CNP, FNP-BC & Dannica Callies, DNP, CNP, FNP-C
College of Nursing
INTRODUCTION RESULTS IMPLICATIONS
• Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) • No statistically significant difference in
was declared a pandemic by the World stress, anxiety, or depression per rural
Health Organization on 3/11/2020. 3 Years of Experience Rural Status of NPs Number of COVID-19 COVID-19 Cases by status.
• South Dakota (SD) reported its first Cases (direct contact) Rural Status • Majority of rural and urban NPs
case of COVID-19 in March 2020. 2 • 5-10 years: 15% • Rural: 65% • Zero cases: 26% • No statistically expressed worry about potential risk of
• Nurse practitioners (NPs) working in • 11-20 years: 50% • Nonrural: 35% • 1-5 cases: 32% significant contracting COVID-19.
rural communities face unique barriers. 1 • >20 years: 35% • 6-10 cases: 5% difference between • Although most NPs reported some
• Research describing NP experience • 11-20 cases: 26% rural and nonrural level of worry, most reported feeling
during the pandemic is limited. • More than 20: 11% somewhat to very prepared to care for
COVID-19 patients.
• Findings support effectiveness of
OBJECTIVES Preparedness to Concern about Risks of pandemic surge-planning efforts by
Concern Exposure to COVID-
Provide Direct Care to 19 Will Increase Symptoms of Concern about Personal COVID-19 for both rural and urban facilities.
Potential Risk of COVID-
Suspected COVID-19 a Personal Established Family/Loved Ones Due • Study provided baseline data when
The aim of this study was to: Cases Mental Health Condition 19 Infection to NP Role COVID-19 numbers were low across
1. Explore rural versus urban NP • Completely • Yes: 44% • Extremely Worried: • Extremely Worried: the Midwest.
preparedness to provide direct care for Unprepared: 5% 17% 28% • Findings will provide comparison for
patients suspected to have COVID-19. • Somewhat • No: 39% • Generally Worried: • Generally Worried: follow-up survey when number of
2. Appraise the perceived risk of Unprepared: 16% • No Established 56% 55.5% COVID-19 cases surged in the
Mental Health
becoming infected with COVID-19 • Somewhat Condition: 17% • Generally Not • Generally Not Midwest.
among rural and urban NPs. Prepared: 47% Worried: 17% Worried: 5.5%
3. Compare the level of mental distress • Very Prepared: 32% • Not Worried At All: • Not Worried At All:
between rural and urban NPs during 11% 11%
the initial stages of the COVID-19
pandemic.
Mental Distress
METHODS
Stress Anxiety Depression
Population
• SD-licensed Certified NPs 11% 0% 11% 5.5% 5.5%
Instruments
• Cross-sectional survey REFERENCES
• Demographics
• Perceptions of preparedness &
perceived risk of COVID-19 1 Melvin, S. C., Wiggins, C., Burse, N., Thompson, E., & Monger, M. (July
• Depression, Anxiety, and Stress Scale- 2020). The role of public health in COVID-19 Emergency Response
efforts from a rural health perspective. Preventing Chronic Disease.
21 (DASS-21) 17(E70). DOI: https:// doi.org/10.5888/pcd17.200256.
Timeline 89.0% 2 South Dakota Department of Health. (2020). South Dakota COVID-19
• July 2020 – August 2020 89% 89% Case Updates. https://doh.sd.gov/COVID/Dashboard.aspx
• Seven-day moving average of 3 World Health Organization. (2020). Timeline: WHO’s COVID-19
positive COVID-19 cases was low Normal Mild Normal Mild Moderate Normal Mild Moderate Response. https://www.who.int/emergencies/diseases/novel-
coronavirus-2019/interactive-timeline#!
(60.1-88.1)
