Page 51 - English in Media Discourse

on their victimization, perpetuating harmful stereotypes
and reinforcing gender inequalities 125.
b. The sexualization of women in mass media, including
hypersexualized depictions and portrayals of women as
subordinate to men, can negatively impact women's
self-esteem, body image, and emotional well-being 126.
2. Gender-Specific Behaviors on Social Media:

a. Men and women communicate differently on social
media platforms, with men more likely to use
authoritative language and formal speech, while women
use warmer, more positive, and emotionally expressive
words. Women also tend to use words describing
positive emotions and social relationships more
frequently 127.

b. Male language on social media platforms appears to be
more possessive, reflecting differences in
communication styles and preferences between men
and women 128.

3. Impact on Gender Stereotypes:

a. The portrayal of women in media and literature can
reveal the male gaze and societal expectations,
reflecting the influence of gender stereotypes and
societal norms on media representations 129.

b. Studies have shown that female-language stereotypes
can lead to stereotype threat effects among language
learners, affecting the performance of male learners
when English competence is controlled for 130.

4. Differences in Conversational Topics:
a. Conversational topics pursued by men and women
exhibit notable differences, with men displaying self-
promoting conversational behaviors and women