Page 29 - 2021_JA_Complete2

Treating Tourette

Syndrome

with Cranial

Electrotherapy

Stimulation

ronaLd r. MELLEn,
dakota ParkEr, and
auBrEy SiMMonS

Abstract: There are many ways to categorize violent inmates.
One approach would include predators, impulsively violent
inmates, and those with neurodevelopmental disorders (NDD).
Predators plan their attacks while impulse-driven inmates just
need an environmental cue (e.g., someone starts a fight, and
they must join in). The violent inmate with Tourette syndrome
(TS) is an example of the NDD inmate. The source of the violent
actions and aggressive verbalizations of an inmate with TS are
found in his NDD. These actions and verbalizations are not
intended by the inmate, but instead result from sudden and
temporary dysfunctions in the brain. Results from the present
study demonstrated cranial electrotherapy stimulation (CES) to
be an effective tool in treating the subject’s TS symptoms. Based
on self-assessments, the subject’s reductions in symptomology
were immediate, highly significant, and long-term.

AMERICANJails JULY | AUGUST 2021 | 27