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The Psychology Behind Conspiracies                                                                                    23





              Flat Earthers and the

                Psychology Behind

               Conspiracy Theories



                  Continued from Page 18


                 Lizzie  Wade wrote a piece in  The
          Atlantic titled “In Defense of Flat-Earthers,”
          which took a compassionate leap toward the
          fringe information ecosystem. “Arguing that the
          Earth is flat is a fringe position in a fringe
          movement,” Wade wrote. “But B.o.B’s Twitter
          crusade illuminates the best qualities of outsider
          physics: its skepticism, its curiosity, and its
          fierce desire to make sense of a confusing world
          in a rigorous way. These same values lie at the
          heart of mainstream science, too.”
                 One recalls the pseudoscientists of the
          nineteenth century, like zetetic astronomist
          Samuel Rowbotham, and how much knowledge
          has evolved and opinions have shifted since implicit consent of conspiracy. At a more basic    still in power, in some form.  The entire
          then. How they too illuminated the best qualities level, it’s implicit consent of meritless anarchy,
                                                                                                         government of the United States was co-opted.
          of outsider physics. Phrenology, the study of the  the sabotaging of science, and the systematic  One guy did it? I don't think so."
          skull as a diviner of character, once had erasure of the social contract.
          respectable followers such as Andrew Carnegie,         “They want you to believe that you are  Incidentally,  Willis was not killed for saying
          Thomas Edison, and  Walt  Whitman. Is it not just this tiny rock flying through this vast, empty  what he said. He's still alive, cranking out Die
          entirely possible then that some our discoveries vacuum of space and you’re not special at all,”  Hard sequels.
          of today will be the pseudoscience of tomorrow? said Sargent when I asked him what his qualms
          In many instances, it’s not about the creed at all, were with mainstream science. “And everything
                                                                                                         Woody Harrelson -  Woody Harrelson has
          but how it’s invoked. In its attempt to dismantle in your life and everything in the universe is
                                                                                                         been a vocal 9/11 truther, going so far as to
          science, and teach children to do the same, flat absolutely happenstance and there’s no method
                                                                                                         become attached to a film that would "demand
          Earth along with other conspiracy theories are to it at all. There’s no purpose and you should
                                                                                                         an independent investigation into the tragic
          capable of eroding public engagement as well as just feel alone and afraid. The more the globe is
                                                                                                         events of 9/11."  The film, which was to star
          interest in issues of political significance. “So let reinforced, the more our insignificance is.” It’s
                                                                                                         fellow truthers Martin Sheen and Ed  Asner,
          a million theories flourish, including hard to not feel a pang of sympathy, or
                                                                                                         collapsed due to a lack of funding.
          #FlatEarth,” Wade concludes. “When they come humanity. But if Lehman is right when he says
          from a place of such genuine curiosity and that “anomie characterizes, on a sociological
                                                                                                         Whoopi Goldberg - Goldberg celebrated the
          creativity, who cares if they’re wrong?” I mean, level, what lies behind conspiracy theories,” I
                                                                                                         40th anniversary of the moon landing by
          I do.                                          cannot, like  Wade suggested, let the theory
                                                                                                         questioning it, wondering on The View "Why is
                 Celebrities like B.o.B. and Kyrie Irving flourish.
                                                                                                         the flag rippling?  There’s no air," and asking,
          are helping to make such theories more                 Daniel Shenton, former president of the
                                                                                                         "Who shot the footage?" The flag didn't ripple
          pervasive by propagating them on social media. Flat Earth Society, is one of the people
                                                                                                         but apparently unfolded with wrinkles in it, and
          While B.o.B created a GoFundMe in the hopes responsible for helping to let flat Earth theory
                                                                                                         the footage was shot by the astronauts
          of subsidizing his research, Irving recently   flourish and his conversion is, in some ways, a
                                                                                                         themselves.
          divulged in an interview with morning radio familiar story. Shenton, like Sargent, used to
          show Toucher and Rich that his propagation of accept that the Earth was round. Shenton, like
          flat Earth was an “exploitation tactic” and an Sargent, (almost) appears to be a level-headed  Roseanne Barr  - Barr has been a longtime
          attempt to have an “open conversation.” In other and charismatic human being seized by the     subscriber to the chemtrails theory, claiming that
          words, Kyrie believes the Earth is, in fact, dogged desire to unveil “truth.” But after        the biotech giant Monsanto was spraying
          round. “It created a division,” he said. “Does hearing English musician Thomas Dolby’s 1984    aluminum particles in the atmosphere to create a
          that knock my intellectual capacity or the fact album The Flat Earth, in which Dolby proposes  "mirror" to help them poison their crops with
          that I can think different things than you can?” that the Earth can be “dark and cold or bright  chemicals.
          Do us a favor, Kyrie—next time perhaps choose  and warm, long or thin or small,” Shenton began
          a subject that isn’t an objective scientific truth. to question the whole schema of scientific Courtney Love - Love put her plane tracking
          Encourage open discourse by all means, but reasoning that had been fed to him. And like skills to work in 2014, suggesting she may have
          don’t drag our unsuspecting youth into your    Sargent, he too came to the conclusion that the found the disappeared Malasyia  Air Flight
          elaborate trollery.                            Earth had to be flat.  When I asked Dolby, he MH370. She wasn't adamant that she'd found it,
                 Not everyone’s propagation of flat Earth said, “The Earth can be any shape you want it to however, finishing a Facebook post with "but
          is an exploitation tactic though. Many be!” It is, after all, an imperfect sphere, and we what do I know?"
          conspiracy theorists feel let down, not listened are imperfect humans.
          to, and pushed further to the periphery, where                                                 Martin Sheen - Former The West Wing star
          they develop suspicions that spawn outlandish                                                  Martin Sheen, father of fellow conspiracy
          theories intended to explain the unexplainable.   Some  More Celebrities                       theorist Charlie Sheen, has talked about his
          When they take to the internet to confirm these          Who Believe in                        feelings on the collapse of World Trade Center
          suspicions, they find themselves embedded in,                                                  Building 7. "There are obviously a lot of
          what Starbird describes as “the structure of the     Conspiracy Theories                       unanswered questions, let me leave it that way,
          alternative media ecosystem,” in which “content                                                that are very, very disturbing," he said. "The key
          that is hosted and spread there suggest the use of                                             to that is Building 7 and how that came down
                                                         Bruce Willis -  Willis chimed in with his
          intentional disinformation tactics — meant to                                                  under very, very suspicious circumstances.” The
                                                         thoughts about who "really" killed John F.
          create “muddled thinking” and a general                                                        elder Sheen acknowledged that his son Charlie
                                                         Kennedy, saying in 2007, "They still haven't
          mistrust in information.” If this is the case, then                                            "got [him] interested" in the theory.[]
                                                         caught the guy that killed Kennedy. I'll get killed
          withholding of logic and reason is, at its worst,
                                                         for saying this, but I'm pretty sure those guys are
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