Page 8 - BAB 5 INTEGRRAL

f 䂎䀀䂏န¬櫸ʎ鋐؟髀ꋊ᮰䀦汸ʎfﱀ 峖Zﱀ  怑Zﱀ  怢Zﱀ ﱐ 憓Zﱀ 埠؛垰؛e 䂎䀀䂏ᅼ¬烨ʎ鋐؟髀ꋊ᮰䀦汸ʎ eﱀ 崖Zﱀ  怑Zﱀ  怢Zﱀ ﱐ 憓Zﱀ 埠؛垰؛徘ʎb闸؛ 䂎䀀䂏န¬䀐烨ʎ鋐؟髀ꋊ᮰䀦麴濚䁾뀀䁾汸ʎ 麴濚䁾bﱀ 崖Zﱀ  怑Zﱀ  怢Zﱀ ﱐ 憓Zﱀ 埠؛垰؛r闸؛ 䂎䀀䂏ᅼ¬쀀烨ʎ鋐؟髀ꋊ᮰䀦➭밄뿶䂏砀䂀汸ʎ ➭밄뿶䂏rﱀ 崖Zﱀ  怑Zﱀ  怢Zﱀ ﱐ 憓Zﱀ 埠؛垰؛徘ʎ沈ʎiﺘؠ 䂎䀀䂏န¬䀔烨ʎ鋐؟髀ꋊ᮰䀦䕮줇䯯䂕䁶汸ʎ 䕮줇䯯䂕iﱀ 崖Zﱀ  怑Zﱀ  怢Zﱀ ﱐ 憓Zﱀ 埠؛垰؛徘ʎ沈ʎaﺘؠ 䂎䀀䂏ᅼ¬쀈烨ʎ鋐؟髀ꋊ᮰䀦➬밄⯶䂙ꀀ䁮汸ʎ ➬밄⯶䂙aﱀ 崖Zﱀ  怑Zﱀ  怢Zﱀ ﱐ 憓Zﱀ 埠؛垰؛nﺘؠ 䂎䀀䂏န¬䀠烨ʎ鋐؟髀ꋊ᮰䀦㮃ᨆꏲ䂠砀䂀汸ʎ 㮃ᨆꏲ䂠nﱀ 崖Zﱀ  怑Zﱀ  怢Zﱀ ﱐ 憓Zﱀ 埠؛垰؛徘ʎ沈ʎtﺘؠ 䂎䀀䂏ᅼ¬쀀烨ʎ鋐؟髀ꋊ᮰䀦㆘欅열䂤砀䂀汸ʎ
㆘欅열䂤tﱀ 崖Zﱀ  怑Zﱀ  怢Zﱀ ﱐ 憓Zﱀ 埠؛垰؛徘ʎ沈ʎoﺘؠ 䂎䀀

2㰀䂐䀀䂏ᅼ¬紈ʎ鋐؟䆀路䀛
5㰀䂐䀀䂏န¬沈ʎ鋐؟髀ꋊ᮰䀦耨ʎ2.쏘ف㰀䂐䀀䂏ᅼ¬䀀沈ʎ鋐؟髀ꋊ᮰䀦佚砈῭䁿 L㰀䂐䀀䂏ᅼ¬紈ʎ鋐؟髀ꋊ᮰䀦菈ʎ5Lﱀ 崖Zﱀ  怑Zu鍘ʁ㰀䂐䀀䂏န¬䀐紈ʎ鋐؟髀ꋊ᮰䀦佚砈䂂က䂃菈ʎ7佚砈䂂uﱀ 崖Zﱀ  怑Zﱀ  怢Zﱀ ﱐ 憓Zﱀ 埠؛垰؛궨ʎ碘ʎa튈؜㰀䂐䀀䂏ᅼ¬䀀ㅨʏ鋐؟髀ꋊ᮰䀦㮃ᨆ㿲䂑䀀䁿螈ʈ9㮃ᨆ㿲䂑aﱀ 崖Zﱀ  怑Zﱀ  怢Zﱀ ﱐ 憓Zﱀ 埠؛垰؛s튈؜㰀䂐䀀䂏န¬ᗼ¬䀀ㅨʏ鋐؟髀ꋊ᮰䀦㮃ᨆ㿲䂑뀀䁻螈ʈ9㮃ᨆ⯲䂘s ﱀ 崖Zﱀ  怑Zﱀ  怢Zﱀ ﱐ 憓Zﱀ 埠؛垰؛궨ʎ碘ʎ ៸ق㰀䂐䀀䂏ᅼ¬°䀀ㅨʏd៸ق㰀䂐䀀䂏န¬㿰菈ʎ鋐؟髀ꋊ᮰䀦ꊸᇷ䂡䀀䁯粸ʎ;ꊸᇷ䂡dﱀ 崖Zﱀ  怑Zﱀ  怢Zﱀ ﱐ 憓Zﱀ 埠؛垰؛궨ʎa៸ق㰀䂐䀀䂏ᅼ¬䀀菈ʎ鋐؟髀ꋊ᮰䀦겣鎄䂤䀀䁿螈ʈ=겣鎄䂤aﱀ 崖Zﱀ  怑Zﱀ  怢Zﱀ ﱐ 憓Zﱀ 埠؛垰؛e៸ق㰀䂐䀀䂏န¬ʴª䀀菈ʎ鋐؟髀ꋊ᮰䀦겣鎄䂤뀀䁻螈ʈ=겣鎄毵䂨e ﱀ 崖Zﱀ  怑Zﱀ  怢Zﱀ ﱐ 憓Zﱀ 埠؛垰؛궨ʎr៸ق㰀䂐䀀䂏ᅼ¬䀦菈ʎ鋐؟
d㰀䂐䀀䂏န¬梈ʎ鋐؟髀ꋊ᮰䀦菈ʎzdﱀ 崖Zﱀ  怑Zﱀ  怢Zﱀ ﱐ 憓Zﱀ 埠؛垰؛梨ʎa蕸؞㰀䂐䀀䂏ᔤ¬䀀梈ʎ鋐؟髀ꋊ᮰䀦佚砈῭䁿䀀䁿砈ʈ|佚砈῭䁿aﱀ 崖Zﱀ  怑Zﱀ  怢Zﱀ ﱐ 憓Zﱀ 埠؛垰؛n蕸؞㰀䂐䀀䂏န¬ᗼ¬䀀梈ʎ鋐؟髀ꋊ᮰䀦佚砈῭䁿뀀䁻砈ʈ|➭밄柶䂍n ﱀ 崖Zﱀ  怑Zﱀ  怢Zﱀ ﱐ 憓Zﱀ 埠؛垰؛梨ʎ碘ʎ 湈ق㰀䂐䀀䂏ᔤ¬䀀梈ʎyʍ㰀䂐䀀䂏န¬㿰梈ʎ鋐؟髀ꋊ᮰䀦㆗欅忴䂚䀀䁯記ʎ€㆗欅忴䂚yﱀ 崖Zﱀ  怑Zﱀ  怢Zﱀ ﱐ 憓Zﱀ 埠؛垰؛梨ʎ碘ʎ 穸ق㰀䂐䀀䂏ᔤ¬䀪梈ʎ=穸ق㰀䂐䀀䂏န¬㿰梈ʎ鋐؟髀ꋊ᮰䀦 ﺉ䂢䀀䁯記ʎ„ ﺉ 穸ق㰀䂐䀀䂏ᔤ¬㿰梈ʎ2穸ق㰀䂐䀀䂏န¬㿰梈ʎ鋐؟髀ꋊ᮰䀦궊䗧䂩䀀䁯x穸ق㰀䂐䀀䂏ᔤ¬䀀梈ʎ鋐؟髀ꋊ᮰䀦岋⧥䂭䀀䁿記ʎŠ岋⧥䂭xﱀ 崖Zﱀ  怑Zﱀ  怢Zﱀ ﱐ 憓Zﱀ 埠؛垰؛梨ʎ碘ʎ 穸ق㰀䂐䀀䂏န¬䀀梈ʎ+穸ق㰀䂐䀀䂏ᔤ¬㿰梈ʎ鋐؟髀ꋊ᮰䀦쁺翰䂱 穸ق㰀䂐䀀䂏န¬㿰梈ʎ6穸ق㰀䂐䀀䂏ᔤ¬㿰梈ʎ鋐؟髀ꋊ᮰䀦䕰줇ꫯ䂴䀀䁯記ʎ’ 穸ق㰀䂐䀀