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a) Acute thrombocytopenic purpura (ATP): This is most commonly seen in

young children (2 to 6 years old). The symptoms may follow a viral illness. Such
as chickenpox, Acute ITP usually has a very sudden onset and the symptoms

usually disappear in less than six months (often within a few weeks). The
disorder usually does not recur. Acute ITP is the most common form of the

disorder.

b) Chronic thrombocytopenic purpura (CTP): The onset of the disorder can

happen at any age, and the symptoms can last a minimum of six months or
several years. Adults have this form more often than children, but it does affect

adolescents. Females have it two to three times more often than males

The common sites of bleeding are the skin, mucous membranes and alimentary tract,

while death from cerebral hemorrhage has occasionally been reported. The spleen,
where destruction takes place, is enlarged and its surgical removal usually results in a

cure. A course of corticosteroids and/or immunosuppressive drugs may also produce a
full remission.

3.5 Hemophilia
Hemophilia is a group of hereditary genetic disorders that impair the body's ability to

control blood clotting or coagulation, which is used to stop bleeding when a blood vessel
is broken. Hemophilia A (clotting factor VIII deficiency) is t h e most common form of the

disorder and represents 80% of hemophilia cases. Hemophilia B is involves a lack of
functional clotting Factor IX. It comprises approximately 20% of hemophilia cases.

Hemophilia lowers blood plasma clotting factor levels of the coagulation factors needed

for a normal clotting process. A hemophiliac does not bleed more intensely than a
normal person, but can bleed for a much longer time. In severe hemophiliacs even a

minor injury can result in blood loss lasting’s days or weeks, or even never healing

completely. In areas such as the brain or inside joints, this can be fatal or permanently
debilitating.

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