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1 Chapter 1 – Kinesiology - Anatomical Reference Plane & Axis

Standard Reference Terminology

Anatomical Plane and Axis

Description of Common
Plane Description of plane Axis of rotation
axis movements

Sagittal Divides the body into Frontal (coronal, lateral, Runs Flexion, extension
(anteroposterior or AP) right and left halves or mediolateral) medial/lateral

Divides the body into Runs
Frontal anterior and posterior Sagittal anterior/posterio Abduction,

(coronal or lateral) (anteroposterior or AP) adduction
halves r

Transverse Divides the body into Vertical Runs Internal rotation,

(axial, horizontal) superior and inferior halves (longitudinal or long) superior/inferior external rotation

© 2020 By A.R. Faghihi – Principles of Rehabilitation 17