Page 45 - Perfect English Grammar: The Indispensable Guide to Excellent Writing and Speaking

For root words that end in -e, drop that -e when you attach a word ending that
begins with a vowel.

■ ■ ■ ■ ■ change changing gauge gauging ice icy love loving rate

■ rating ride riding However, leave the final -e when you add a word ending

that begins with a consonant.

■ ■ ■ change changes, changed, changer gauge gauges, gauged ice

■ ■ ■ ices, iced love loves, lovely, lover rate rates, rated ride rides,
■ ■ rider Exceptions: words that end in -ee, -oe, or -ye: agree agreeing

■ ■ ■ ■ canoe canoeing dye dyeing eye eyeing hoe hoeing see
■ seeing tiptoe tiptoeing Other exceptions:

■ ■ ■ ■ ■ be being notice noticeable replace replaceable see seeing
■ true truly Some words have more than one -able form: like likeable,

■ ■ likable love loveable, lovable move moveable, movable

4.3.3 ADDING SUFFIXES TO WORDS ENDING IN Y

Change the -y to an -i- when you add a suffix, unless the suffix already begins
with an i.

■ ■ defy defies, defied, defiance, defying copy copies, copied,
■ ■ copying occupy occupies, occupied, occupying party parties,

■ partied, partying try tries, tried, trying

4.3.4 DOUBLE THE FINAL CONSONANT WHEN ADDING

SUFFIXES

When adding a suffix to a root word of a single syllable that contains a single

vowel and ends with a single consonant, the final consonant is usually doubled.

■ ■ ■ bat batted, batting, batter grab grabbed, grabber, grabbing stop

stopped, stopping, stopper