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Enzymes in Tropical Soils 153
Observation in the field shows also that the land conversion are still progressing
and are intensified by the development of human population and economic
pressures.
Table 10.1. The changes in the land-use percentages in West Lampung, Indonesia, in the
period of 1978 – 1990*.
No. Land-Use 1978 1984 1990
1 Primary Forest 32.60 21.39 12.72
2 Secondary Forest 16.20 10.79 18.05
3 Grass Lands 18.44 16.98 1.12
4 Dry Lands (Food Plants 2.20 1.07 0.12
and Vegetables)
5 Dry Lands (Shifting 4.81 0.33 0.00
Cultivation)
6 Plantations 20.83 41.77 41.11
(Monoculture)
7 Plantations (Mixed) 0.93 0.95 19.26
8 Paddy Fields 2.92 5.02 5.35
9 Ponds 0.03 0.01 0.07
10 Residence Areas 1.03 1.70 2.20
*Adapted from Salam et al. (1998d)
10.2 Effects of Forest Clearing and Land-Use Conversion
on Soil Properties
The changes in coverage of forest to monoculture plants and cultivated
lands may change the status of soil properties, incuding the soil chemical, physical,
and biological properties. Table 10.2 shows clearly that forest conversion
drastically change four of the important soil chemical properties, i.e. organic
Abdul Kadir Salam - 2014
