Page 206 - Transformasi Masyarakat Indonesia dan Historiografi Indonesia Modern

Transformasi Masyarakat Indonesia...

donesia from 1900 to 1945. There were two contending streams
of thought and two groups of Indonesian nationalist who to-
gether struggle for Indonesian independence. The first streams
was those who belong to the upper class Westernizing rejuve-
nation ( and at least potentially anti Islam), which was clearly
represented by the Budi Utomo. The second streams was the
Modernist Islamic streams typied by Muhammadiyah. Besides,
there were also a third streams of thought, radical socialist ideas.
During the process of nationalist movement occurred there
were two contending nationalist groups, that were the Reli-
gious Nationalist and the Non Religious Nationalist, which was
also called Secular Nationalist group. The first was represented
by those who belong to the Muslim political parties, in which
the Modernist reformist movement included, such as PSH, MIAI,
and Masyumi in the the Japanese Occupation. While, the second,
represented by those who belong to the Nationalist Parties,
such as the Indonesian National Party (PN1), where Sukarno
became its leader, as well as the socialist parties. It is very
important to notice that the rise of this categorization during
the pre independence period, the “Religious Nationalist” and
the “Secular Nationalist”, will be continually developed after
the independent period in Indonesian political history. The both
have similar aim, that was to achieve the Indonesian indepen-
dence and freed from colonialism. But the both had a differen-
ce ideas to build the new state after Indonesia had its indepen-
dence. The Religious Nationalist tends to build the idea of the
Islamic State, while, the Secular Nationalist, tends to build non
religious nation state. This disputes was also continually arise
in the political disputes in the postindependence period.

5. The Muslims Intellectuals responses to the Contemporary
Problem in Indonesia

As mentioned before, that in the contemporary period, the
Modern Muslim intellectual in Indonesia tends to be classified

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