Page 438 - American Stories, A History of the United States

O’Connor, Sandra Day, 730, 771 Pasteur, Louis, 415, 439 Poland, 629, 645, 649, 651, 653 Muckrakers and, 503–505; Repub-
Oden, Thomas G., 596 Patent medicine, 543 Political ideology. See Ideology lican split in, 527–529; society’s
O’Donnell, Kenneth, 698 Patents, 415, 416 Political machines/organizations: masses and, 510–518; spirit of,
OEO. See Office of Economic Op- Paterson (NJ), 520 late nineteenth century urban, 530–537, 554; Theodore Roosevelt
portunity (OEO) Patriot Act, 765 436–438 and, 539–542, 554; urban culture
Office of Economic Opportunity Patriotic values, 439 Politics. See also Conservatives and and, 521–524; William Howard
(OEO), 703 Patton, George, 638, 644 conservatism; progressives and, Taft and, 545–549, 554; Woodrow
Office of Economic Stabilization, 640 Paul, Alice, 535 537; realignment (1876-1901) and, Wilson and, 549–552, 554; work-
Office of Price Administration, 640 Pawnee Indians, 380–381 455–477 place conflict and, 518–520
Oglala Sioux Indians. See Sioux Payne-Aldrich Act (1909), 545–546 Polk, Leonidas L., 466 Progressive (Bull Moose) party,
Indians Peace Corps, 694 Pollock, Jackson, 680 529, 547–549, 548
Ohio, 723, 723 Peale, Norman Vincent, 678 Pollock v. Farmer’s Loan and Trust Progressivism, 505, 524, 530–537,
Oil and oil industry, 412–415 Pearl Harbor, 633–634, 634 Co, 469 552–553, 579. See also Progres-
Oil embargo and crisis (1973), Pendleton Act (1883), 459 Poll tax, 369 sive Era (1895-1920); ideas
726–729, 728, 744 Pennsylvania: September 11, 2001 Poor People’s March on Washington and, 535–537, 554; professions
O’Keeffe, Georgia, 524 and, 764 (1968), 712 (experts) and, 532, 538; purity
“Okies,” 619 Pennsylvania Railroad, 408 Population: baby boomers and, crusade and, 533–534; social-
Okinawa, 661 Pensions, 459 641; immigration and, 434, 435; justice movement and, 532–533,
Oklahoma, 399 Pentagon: demonstrations at, 711; nineteenth century, 438; post 590; women and, 534–535, 549;
Oklahoma City (OK), 760 September 11, 2001 and, 764 World War II, 675, 675; twentieth World War I and, 562
Oligarchy, 508, 508–509 Pentecostals, 596 century, 585, 751–754; western Prohibition, 532, 590, 592
Olney, Richard, 484 People’s (Populist) party, 466–467, settlement (1870-1900) and, 387; Pro-life groups, 732
Olson, Floyd, 614 469–470, 474–475 during World War II, 641 Promontory (UT), 409, 410
O’Neill, Bucky, 480 Perestroika, 742, 743 Populism and populist movement: Propaganda, in World War I, 563,
On the Road (Kerouac), 679 Perkins, Frances, 664 People’s party and, 466–467, 571
OPEC. See Organization of the Perot, H. Ross, 757 469–470, 474–475; progressivism Proposition 13 (CA), 721
Petroleum Exporting Countries Perrett, Geoffrey, 582 and, 478, 530; rise of, 462–467 Prosperity, in 1950s, 676–678
Open Door policy, 500, 559 Pershing, John J., 561, 567 Postimpressionists, 524 Prostitution, 394, 534
Open range, 395 Pershing II missiles, 740 Potsdam Conference, 649–651 Protestants and Protestantism. See
Opportunity: American belief in, Persian Gulf region, war in, 745–747, Pound, Ezra, 524 Churches; Fundamentalism
421, 600; big business and, 508, 750–751 Poverty: march on Washington and, Psychology: industrial, 520; science
540; blacks and, 512–513, 677, Petroleum. See Oil and oil industry 712; new social thought on, 449; of, 439, 441
703 immigrants and, 434, 755; Pettengill, Lillian, 453 in reconstruction, 366; religious Public education. See Education;
Office of Economic Opportunity Philadelphia (PA): in early twentieth views of, 450–451; settlement School(s)
and, 703; Sunbelt and, 721; war century, 522 houses and, 451–452; studies of, Public lands. See Conservation
and, 641 Philadelphia and Reading Railroad, 452; war on, 703 Public/private rights: African
Orcutt, Susan, 455 468 Powderly, Terence V., 421–422 Americans and, 368–369
Oregon Territory, 382 Philadelphia Negro, The (Du Bois), Powell, Colin, 751 Pueblo Indians, 380, 391
Organization of the Petroleum 446 Power (energy). See Electricity; Puerto Ricans, 712
Exporting Countries (OPEC), Philanthropy: higher ducation and, Energy crisis Puerto Rico, 489, 495, 496–497
726, 728, 729 443 Power (political). See also Presiden- Pullman, George M., 408
Organized labor. See Labor unions Philippine-American War, 498–500 tial power; Separation of powers; Pullman Palace Car Company, 408
Origin of Species, The (Darwin), 482 Philippine Commission, 545 Superpowers; World power: Pullman strike, 423, 468
Orlando, Vittorio, 577 Philippines: Spanish-American progressives and, 532, 537 Pure Food and Drug Act (1906), 543
Orpen, William, 578 War and, 495; as U.S. possession, Pragmatism, 535 Purity crusade, 533–534
Oswald, Lee Harvey, 701 496–497, 559; World War II and, Pragmatism (James), 536
Otis, Elisha G., 404 638, 646 Prairie. See Great Plains Q
Our Country: Its Possible Future and Phoenix (AZ), 751 Pratt, Richard H., 386 Quayle, Dan, 745
Its Present Crisis (Strong), 482 Phonograph, 417, 522–523 Prayer in schools, 721
Overland Trail, 387 Photography, 415 Presidential debates. See Debates Quiz programs (television), 679
Quota on immigration, 595–596
Ovington, Mary, 514 Physicians. See Medicine Presidential elections. See Election(s)
Pikes Peak (CO), 382, 393 Presidential power: progressivism R
P Pinchback, P. B. S., 367 and, 540–542; reestablishing, Race and racism. See also Jim Crow
458–459, 477
Pinchot, Gifford, 528, 529, 540, 543,
Pacific Coast region, 380 546 Press. See Newspapers laws; Ku Klux Klan; Segregation;
Pacific Ocean region: foreign Pittsburgh (PA), 411, 585, 598 Primary elections, direct, 537 affirmative action and, 771;
policy and, 483–484; Hawaii and, Pittsburgh Pirates, 440 Princeton University, 440, 629 early twentieth century, 505;
483–484, 485–486 Placer mining, 393 Principles of Scientific Management, Eisenhower administration and,
Pacifism and peace movements, 628, Plain Home Talk of Love, Marriage, The (Taylor), 509 685; Eleanor Roosevelt and,
628–629, 710–711 and Parentage (Foote), 442–443 Prioleau, George W., 494 618; empire and, 482, 497–498;
Pact of Paris. See Kellogg-Briand Pact Plains. See Great Plains Pro-choice groups, 732 immigration and, 516, 595; in
Painting, 524 Plains Indians, 377, 380–381, 381 Proclamation of Amnesty and industrial society, 418–420; John-
Palmer, A. Mitchell, 590–591, 591 Planter (ship), 353 Reconstruction, 355 son administration and, 701, 702,
Palmer Raids, 591 Planter (steamship), 354–355 Production. See Factories and fac- 704–705; Kennedy administration
Panama, 705 Planters and plantations: reconstruc- tory systems; Mass production and, 698–700; New Deal and,
Panama Canal and Zone, 557–559, tion and, 358, 366 Productivity: in 1920s, 582; indus- 618; Truman administration and,
558 Platte River, 382, 388 trial, 405, 518 681–683; Wilson administration
Pan-American Union, 484 Pleiku, South Vietnam, 708 Profession(s): government and rise and, 551–552; in World War I,
Panic(s): of 1873, 367; of 1893, 410, Plessy v. Ferguson, 442, 447, 447 of, 532; higher education and, 446; 575; in World War II, 642–643
469 Plunkitt, George Washington, 438 social work as, 452–453 Race riots: in 1960s, 712; early
Parcel post, 511 Pluralism, 453 Progress and Poverty (George), 449 twentieth century, 447, 514, 574;
Parent-Teacher Associations, 470 Plymouth, 481 Progressive education, 679 twentiethfirst century, 755; during
Paris Peace Conference (1919), 577 Pneumonia, 439 Progressive Era (1895-1920), World War II, 643
Parker, Alton B., 542 Podhoretz, Norman, 721 503–526. See also Progressivism; Radcliffe College, 443, 448
Parks. See National parks and forests Poets and poetry, 524 city and state reforms in, 537–539, Radical Reconstruction, 361–362,
Parks, Rosa, 686, 687 Poindexter, John, 742 554; industrial change and, 505; 372; white opposition to, 366, 368

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