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138 Fiber Optic Communications

3.16 Explain how the Bragg gratings can be used to make a single-longitudinal-mode laser.

3.17 A 1550-nm DFB laser has a cavity length of 300.07 μm. Find the grating period to have the strongest
reflection (first-order grating) at 1550 nm. Assume n = 3.2.

Further Reading
A.E. Siegman, Lasers. University Science Books, Sausalito, CA, 1986.
P.W. Milonni and J.H. Eberly, Laser Physics. John Wiley & Sons, Englewood Cliffs, NJ, 2010.
G.P. Agrawal and N.K. Datta, Semiconductor Lasers, 2nd edn. Van Nostrand Reinhold, New York, 1993.
A.K. Ghatak and K. Thyagaratan, Optical Electronics. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, 1990.
B.E.A. Saleh and M.C. Teich, Fundamentals of Photonics, 2nd edn. John Wiley & Sons, Englewood Cliffs, NJ, 2007.
J.M. Senior, Optical Fiber Communications, 2nd edn. Prentice-Hall, London, 1992.
G. Keiser, Optical Fiber Communications, 4th edn. McGraw-Hill, New York, 2011.
G. Lachs, Fiber Optic Communications, McGraw-Hill, New York, 1998.

References
[1] A. Einstein, Phys. Z.,vol. 18, p. 121, 1917.
[2] A.L. Schewlow and C.H. Townes, Phys. Rev.,vol. 112, p. 1940, 1958.
[3] T.H. Maiman, Nature,vol. 187, p. 493, 1960.
[4] R.N. Hall, G.E. Fenner, T.J. Soltys, and R.O. Carlson, Phys. Rev. Lett.,vol. 9, p. 366, 1962.
[5] Z. Alferov, IEEE J. Spec. Top. Quant. Electr.,vol. 6, p. 832, 2000.
[6] H. Rubens and F. Kurlbaum, Sbsr. Press. Akad. Wiss p. 929, 1900.
[7] M. Planck, Verh. Dt. Phys. Ges.,vol. 2, p. 237, 1900.
[8] C. Davisson and L.H. Germer, Phys. Rev.,vol. 30, p. 705, 1927.
[9] A. Messiah, Quantum Mechanics. Dover Publications, New York, 1999.
[10] G. Lachs, Fiber Optic Communications. McGraw-Hill, New York, 1998.
[11] A.E. Siegman, Lasers. University Science Books, Sansalito, CA, 1986.
[12] C. Kittel, Introduction to Solid State Physics, 5th edn. John Wiley & Sons, Hoboken, NJ, 1976.
[13] A.F.J. Levi, Applied Quantum Mechanics, 2nd edn. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, 2006.
[14] S.L. Chuang, Physics of Optoelectronic Devices, 2nd edn. John Wiley & Sons, Hoboken, NJ, 2008.
[15] G.P. Agrawal, Fiber Optic Communication, 4th edn. John Wiley & Sons, Hoboken, NJ, 2010.
[16] G.P. Agrawal and N.K. Datta, Semiconductor Lasers, 2nd edn. Van Nostrand Reinhold, New York, 1993.
[17] W.T. Tsang and S. Wang, Appl. Phys. Lett.,vol. 28, p. 596, 1976.
[18] D.R. Scifres, R.D. Burham, and W. Streifer, Appl. Phys. Lett.,vol. 25, p. 203, 1974.
[19] H. Ghafouri-shiraz, Distributed Feedback Laser Diodes and Optical Tunable Filters. John Wiley & Sons, Hoboken,
NJ, 2004.