Page 45 - Effects of dried citrus pulp on nutrient intake, nitrogen balance and growth performance in Lohi lambs

were most economical as compared to coffee hulls and control. Feed conversion efficiency
of citrus pulp based diet was also better that resulted in increased milk production. Ahmad

(2008) determined economic efficiency of citrus pulp in Awassi lambs. He divided 16
Awassi lambs into 4 equal groups and provided olive oil cake silage containing 0, 27, 48

and 54% citrus pulp. He reported that the cost per kg gain decreased by increasing the level

of citrus pulp in the silage. The decreased cost in citrus pulp based diets was due to its
cheaper cost compared to other ingredients.

Aregheore (2000) conducted two research trial to evaluate the effect of DCP as a
by-product on feed efficiency in small ruminants. Four by-product feeds (BPF) from

groundnut shells, maize cobs, cassava peels and citrus pulp + peel waste were used to make

treatment diets. Goat (12 heads) and sheep (16 heads) of 16-18 months having average
weight of 12.96 and 14.05 kg respectively were selected. They were divided into three and

four groups respectively. At the end of the experiment, it was observed that there was a less

feed efficiency in animals fed citrus pulp based diets. Inclusion of DCP at the rate of 175
and 200 g/kg in concentrate exposed similar results as other concentrate sources (Sutton et

al., 1987).

Blood metabolites

Hall et al. (2010) studied the effect of different carbohydrate sources i.e. ground
corn, dried citrus pulp and sucrose + molasses on blood parameters in lactating cows. They

used all these carbohydrates sources at the level of 20% of total ration. Non-significant

differences were observed in BUN concentration in all treatments but they reported higher
blood glucose level in cows fed dried citrus pulp based diet due to higher pectin content.

Pinzon and Wing (1976) studied the effect of citrus pulp on blood urea nitrogen
(BUN) concentration in steers. They divided the animals into four equal groups and applied

four dietary treatments to them. They used citrus pulp at the level of 0, 19, 38 and 55% of
dietary DM. They collected the blood samples after 2, 4, 7 and 12 hours of feeding and

analyzed for blood urea nitrogen. They observed that by increasing the level of citrus pulp

in the diet, the blood urea nitrogen concentration tended to decrease. This is attributed to
increased nitrogen utilization by increasing the level of citrus pulp.

Oni et al. (2008) determined the effect of citrus pulp based diet on biochemical
parameters of blood in West African Dwarf goats. They made four experimental groups

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