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Corporations and legal personality




               Trading certificate – Public Companies only

               A plc cannot commence trading until the Registrar has issued a trading certificate.


               To obtain a trading certificate, must          If it trades before the certificate is
               apply to the Registrar stating:                issued:

               Nominal value of allotted share capital ≤      The company and any officers in default
               £50,000.                                       are liable to a fine.

               At least ¼ of the nominal value and all of     It is a criminal offence to carry on
               the premium have been paid up.                 business, but any contracts are still
                                                              binding on the company.


               The amount of preliminary expenses and  The directors are personally liable if the
               who has paid or is to pay them.                company defaults within 21 days of due
                                                              date.

               Any benefits given or to be given to           Ground for winding up if not obtained
               promoters.                                     within one year: s.122 Insolvency Act
                                                              1986.














































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