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Costing techniques





                           Value analysis/value engineering





                             Value Analysis is the systematic interdisciplinary examination of factors
                             affecting the cost of product or service, in order to devise means of
                             achieving the specified purpose most economically at the required
                             standard of quality and reliability.



                             Value Engineering is the redesign of an activity, product or service so
                             that value to the customer is enhanced while costs are reduced or at
                             least increased by less than the resulting price increase.



                             Functional analysis is an analysis of the relationships between product
                             functions, their perceived value to the customer and their cost of
                             provision.




                  Illustrations and further practice



                  Now read the ‘Functional Analysis’ illustration from Chapter 3.



































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