Page 46 - Гахай, тахианы микоплазмозын оношлогоо

Гахай, тахианы микоплазмозын оношлогоо

БҮТЭЭЛИЙН АНГЛИ ХУРААНГУЙ

Diagnosis of swine and avian mycoplasmoses

BACKGROUND

Infectious diseases caused by mycoplasmas occur broadly in pig and poultry farms in
many countries worldwide. Such risks as mortality, productivity decrease and growth

arrest due to infectious and non-infectious diseases of respiratory tract of swine in pig

farms developing intensively in the last years. Outbreaks of such diseases as porcine
respiratory disease complex (PRDC), Porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome

(PRRSV), enzootic pneumonia (EP), and porcine circovirus (PCV) are greater in the
countries with highly developed pig farming sector [16].

Among above mentioned infectious diseases of respiratory tract, enzootic pneumonia

caused by M. hyopneumoniae is widespread and occurrence of this disease in pig
farms, followed by decrease of swine productivity causes enormous economic loss.

Currently, swine enzootic pneumonia was diagnosed in all worldwide countries,
where pig farming is developing, and according to the serological testing for

diagnosis of enzootic pneumonia performed in the abattoirs the number of pigs,
which tested positively and suffered from chronic pneumonia, was higher [15].

Outbreaks of infection caused by the bacterium M. hyopneumoniae cause annually

375 to 400 million USD worth loss in the US [3]. Of approximately 130 samples sent
from pig farms to State central veterinary laboratory between 2008 and 2009, three

or four samples tested positively by ELISA for enzootic pneumonia demonstrated that
both surveillance of this diseases and confirmation of the diagnosis are essentially

important in pig farms of our country.

Because both Mycoplasma gallisepticum and Mycoplasma synoviae are highly
pathogenic/virulent among causative agents of avian mycoplasmosis, there is high

risk of infection in birds [4]. These causative agents cause economic loss via
decrease of egg and meat production, increase of mortality and minimizing the

benefits of nutrition in poultry farms. Live weight decrease accounts for 20 to 30% of
broiler chickens infected by bacterium M. gallisepticum, nutritional efficiency dropped

by 10 to 20%, mortality rate is 5 to 10% of all infected chickens and culling rate

ranges between 10 to 20%. It was informed that infections in both cockerel and

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