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12.4 Reduced Adverb Clauses of Time

| saw the accident while | was walking down the street.

Adverb Clause
| saw the accident while walking down the street.
Reduced Adverb Clause

1. An adverb clause of time can be shortened | always have coffee before | leave home.
or reduced when the subject of the adverb | always have coffee before leaving home.
clause and the main clause are the same.
Lois has been very busy since she started college.
To reduce an adverb clause of time, omit the
Lois has been very busy since starting college.
subject and use the -ing form of the verb.

2.When an adverb clause of time is in the | got tired while | was riding my bike.
progressive, omit the subject and be and use | got tired while riding my bike.
the -ing form of the verb.

3.Adverb clauses of time that begin with after, After seeing me do the trick, Mike did it, too.
before, since, and while can be reduced.

4. Be carefull! It is not possible to reduce an v After the dog barked, | opened the door.
adverb clause if the subject of the main X After barking, | opened the door.

clause and the subject of the adverb clause
are different.

5.Remember: Use a comma when the reduced Before leaving for work, | watered the plants.
adverb clause comes first in the sentence.

4 Rewrite each sentence. Change the adverb clause to a reduced adverb clause. Add
commas where necessa ry.

1. Since Amsterdam started a bike-share program, the city has improved conditions for cyclists.
Since starting a bike-share program, amsterdam has improved conditions for cyclists.

2. After the city closed the downtown area to cars, it opened the area to bikes.

the city opened the area to bikes.

3. Dutch people spend years learning bike safety rules before they get their driver’s licenses.

Dutch people spend years learning bike safety rules

4. After they get a bike diploma, Dutch children can ride their bikes alone.
Dutch children can ride their bikes alone.

5. While they are taking a road test, drivers show how they watch out for cyclists.

drivers show how they watch out for cyclists.

6. Drivers must turn and open the door with their right hands before they exit the car.
Drivers must turn and open the door with their right hands

UNIT12 LESSON 2 347
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