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Summing up

I- Classification of food

➽ Three criteria can be used to classify the food components:

1- Mineral and organic substances

a- Mineral substances: water and mineral salts.
b- Organic substances: made up mainly of C, H, O, N and P:
- Carbohydrates, refer to as sugars.
- Lipids or fat.
- Proteins, made up of amino acids and contain nitrogen atoms.

- Vitamins are vital substances.

2- Simple and complex food

a- Simple food: made up of one type of organic materials (carbohydrates, lipids or proteins), or
minerals (water and mineral salts).
b- Complex food: made up of many types of organic materials in addition to water and mineral

salts :
- Sweet food and starchy food are rich in carbohydrates.
- Cooked meals, sauces, chips, fries and cheeses are products containing lipids.
- Meat, fish, egg and certain grains such as lentils and soy are products rich in proteins.

3- As a function of the role of food

a- Energetic food: lipids and carbohydrates.
b- Building food: proteins.
c- Functional food: water and mineral salts.

Food 13