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Control of Industrial Major Accident Hazards (CIMAH) Report Page 13
Ranhill SAJ Sdn. Bhd. Revision 01
Part B: Information on the Installation Date Aug 2019

B.3.1 Process Description

Kampung Tengah 1 Water Treatment Plant

Initially, pre-chlorine is injected into the raw water before the aeration process for
biological control. Raw water is pumped from Segamat River to the cascade aerator.
The aerator is provided to create turbulence so that a maximum contact of up to
eighty percent (80%) of dissolved oxygen saturation at ambient temperature
between water and air can be achieved. In addition, the aeration process aids in
stripping volatile organics and reduces taste and odor. Aeration is also used to
oxidize soluble iron and manganese (found in many well waters) to insoluble
precipitates.

Then, the aerated water entering the mixing chamber is immediately dosed with
Soda Ash and Polyaluminium Chloride. Soda Ash is dosed to obtain the optimum
coagulation pH while Polyaluminium Chloride is used to coagulate the particulate
matters such as suspended solids and colloids. In the Alum mixing and distribution
chamber, processes such as coagulation occur.

Afterwards, the coagulation water flows into the flocculation and sedimentation tank
for removing coagulated sludge solids before it passes to the rapid gravity filters.
Three (3) filters are installed at the facility. The filtered water then passes into the
contact/balance tank for storage before distribution to Bukit Hampar suction tank.
Before delivering the filtered water to the treated water pumping station, post-
chlorination dosing is conducted. Post-chlorination is the addition of Chlorine
subsequent to filtration for disinfection between the filtered water channel and inlet to
the contact tank via an arrangement of injection lances. This is to give adequate
contact time of the Chlorine in the contact tank before the treated water is pumped to
the distribution system. Chlorine, soda ash and fluoride are added to the water
before it enters the clear water tank. The treated water from the clear water tank is
sent via the treated water pumps to Bukit Hampar suction tank, located eight (8) km
away from the site for distribution.

All processes at the Chlorine Room are described in detail as they involve the
hazardous chemical which is chlorine. Chlorine is injected into the water as a
disinfectant for biological control for the purpose of destroying germs, bacteria and
other harmful organisms. Chlorine dissolves and stays in molecular form (CI 2) in the
water at very low concentration.

Liquid chlorine is delivered to the plant as liquefied gas in specially designed steel
containers with a net weight of 68 kg of chlorine. The chlorine is contained under
pressure, equivalent to its vapor pressure at the temperature of the contents inside