Page 75 - ACADEMIC REDING

Report 2015). Studies in the literature argue that this declining trend may be

related to low efficiency in the production of sugar beet (Annual Report 2015).
Therefore, this study aims to compare efficiency and performance of
cooperative and non-cooperative sugar beet farms of Piranshahr district in Iran.

This study contributes to the literature by proposing super-efficiency Data

Envelopment Analysis (DEA) to compare the efficiency of cooperative with non-
cooperative agriculture farms. However, this study provides the first empirical
comparison of the efficiency of Iranian sugar beet cooperatives.

Adapted from Zamani, Mojaverian, and Nader (2019)

1. What is one of the main purposes of cooperatives?

_____________________________________________________________
2. Who is the scholar who said that cooperative agriculture has both positive and

negative effect?
_____________________________________________________________

3. Who are the scholars discussing the technical efficiency of cooperative
agriculture?

_____________________________________________________________
4. Why is measuring the efficiency of the sugar beet production important?

_____________________________________________________________
5. What is the purpose of the research?

_____________________________________________________________
6. What is the different between the research and the previous studies?

_____________________________________________________________

4. The Method

The method deals with how the research is done. At the very least, the
method may consist of three elements which are presented as follow.

a. The Subject of the Research

The subject of the research is the thing which its characteristic is being
measure. It is also called as participant or sample.

b. The Data Collection Technique

The data collection technique deals with how the researcher(s) get the
data such as a survey, observation, interview, etc.

71