Page 44 - Dilmun 21

‫ﺍﻷﺳﺘﺎﺫ ﺍﻟﺪﻛﺘﻮﺭ ﻣﺤﻤﺪ ﻋﺒﺪ ﺍﻟﻘﺎﺩﺭ ﺃﺣﻤﺪ‬ ‫ﺍ‪ ١١‬ﺍ ﺍ ﺍ ﺱ‬
‫ﻑ‬
‫ﻋﺮ ﺍﻟﺒﺤﺮﻳﻦ & ﺍﻟﻌﺼﺮ ﺍﻟﺠﺎﻫﻠﻲ‬
‫ﻭ‬

‫ﺃﺗﻘﺪﻡ ﺑﺨﺎﻟﺺ ﺍﻟﺸﻜﺮ ﺇﻟﻰ ﻴﻌﻤﺟﺔ ﺗﺎﺭﻳﺦ ﻭﺃﺎﺛﺭ ﺍﻟﺒﺤﺮﻳﻦ ﻹﺩﺭﺍﺎﻬﺟ ﺿﻤﻦ ﻣﻮﺳﻢ ﺎﺤﻣﺟﺿﺍﺎﻬﺗ‬
‫ﺍﻟﺜﻘﺎﻓﻴﺔ ﻟﻬﺬﺍ ﺍﻟﻌﺎﻡ ﺎﺤﻣﺟﺿﺓ »ﺍﻻﻐﻟﻡ ﺍﻟﻘﺘﻴﻞ ﻃﺮﻓﺔ ﺑﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺒﺪ ﺷﺎﻋﺮ ﺍﻟﺒﺤﺮﻳﻦ& ﺍﻟﻌﺎﺻﺮ‬
‫ﺍﻟﺠﺎﻫﻠﻲ« ‪ .‬ﻟﻤﺎ ﻳﻤﺜﻠﻪ ﻫﺬﺍ ﺍﻟﺸﺎﻋﺮ ﺍﻟﺒﺤﺮﻳﻨﻲ& ﺎﺗﺭﻳﺦ ﺍﻟﺒﺤﺮﻦﻳ ﺍﻟﺜﻘﺎﻑ ﻭﺍﻷﺩﻲﺑ ﻣﻦ ﺭﻣﺰ ﻣﻦ ﺭﻣﻮﺯ‬
‫ﺃﺩﺑﺎﺋﻪ ﺍﻟﻜﺒﺎﺭ ﺍﻟﺬﻳﻦ ﺃﺛﺮﻭﺍ ﺍﻟﺤﻴﺎﺓ ﺍﻷﺩﺑﻴﺔ ﻍ ﻫﺬﺍ ﺍﻟﺒﻠﺪ ﺍﻟﻄﻴﺐ ﻣﻨﺬ ﺪﺑﺍﻳﺔ ﺍﻟﺘﺎﺭﻳﺦ ﻷﺩﺑﻪ ﻭﺃﺩﺑﺎﺋﻪ‬

‫ﺍﻟﻜﺒﺎﺭ‪،‬ﺬﻨﻣ ﻋﺼﺮ ﻣﺎ ﻗﺒﻞﺍﻹﺳﻻﻡ‪.‬‬

‫ﻭﻋﻨﺪﻣﺎ ﺃﻗﻮﻝ »ﺍﺮﺤﺒﻟﻦﻳ« ﺃﻋﻨﻲ ﺑﺬﻟﻚ ﺍﻟﺒﺤﺮﻳﻦ ﻛﻤﺎ ﺣﺪﺩﻫﺎ ﺟﻐﺮﺍﻓﻴﻮ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺏ ﻭﻲﻫ ﺍﻟﻤﻨﻄﻘﺔ ﺍﻟﺘﻲ‬
‫ﺗﺒﺪﺃً ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﺒﺼﺮﺓ ﺣﺘﻰ ﻋﻤﺎﻥ‪ ،‬ﻭﺗﻀﻢ ﺍﻟﻤﻨﻄﻘﺔ ﺍﻟﺸﺮﻗﻴﺔ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﺠﺰﻳﺮﺓ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ ﺑﻤﺎ ﻓﻴﻬﺎ ﺍﻟﻬﻔﻮﻑ‬
‫ﻭﺍﻟﺪﻣﺎﻡ ﻭﺍﻷﺣﺴﺎﺀ ﻭﺍﻟﺨﻂ ﻭﺍﻒﻴﻄﻘﻟ‪ ،‬ﻭﺍﻷﺭﺓ ﻭﺑﻴﻨﻮﻧﺔ ‪ ،‬ﻭﺍﺰﻟﺍﺭﺓ ‪ ،‬ﻭﻮﺟﺍﺎﺛ‪ ،‬ﻭﺍﻟﺴﺎﺑﻮﺭ‪ ،‬ﻭﺩﺍﺭﻳﻦ‪،‬‬
‫ﻭﺍﻟﻐﺎﺑﺔ ‪ ،‬ﻭﻫﺠﺮ ﺣﺘﻰ ﺍﻟﻴﻤﺎﻣﺔ ﻭﻛﺬﻟﻚ ﺟﺰﻳﺮﺓ ﺃﻭﺍﻝ‪ .‬ﻭﻗﺪ ﻇﻠﺖ ﻫﺬﻩ ﺍﻟﻤﻨﻄﻘﺔ ﻳﻄﻠﻖ ﻋﻠﻴﻬﺎ ﺍﻟﺒﺤﺮﻳﻦ‬

‫ﺣﺘﻰ ﺍﻟﻘﺮﻥ ﺍﻟﺨﺎﻣﺲ ﺍﻟﻬﺠﺮﻱ ﺣﻴﺚ ﺍﻗﺘﺼﺮ ﺍﺳﻢ ﺍﻟﺒﺤﺮﻳﻦ ﻓﻘﻂ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺟﺰﻳﺮﺓ »ﺃﻭﺍﻝ«‪.‬‬

‫ﻟﻘﺪ ﺷﻬﺪﺕ ﻫﺬﻩ ﺍﻷﺭﺽ ﺍﻟﻄﻴﺒﺔ ﻮﺒﻧﻍ ﻣﺠﻤﻮﻋﺔ ﻛﺒﻴﺮﺓ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﺸﻌﺮﺍﺀ ﻟﻢ ﺗﺸﻬﺪﻫﺎ ﺃﻳﺔ ﻣﻨﻄﻘﺔ‬
‫ﺃﺧﺮﻯ ﻣﻦ ﻣﻨﺎﻃﻖ ﺍﻟﺠﺰﻳﺮﺓ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ ﻓﻌﻠﻰ ﺍﺭﺎﻬﺿ ﻇﻬﺮ ﺷﻌﺮﺍﺀ ﺎﺒﻛﺭ ﺑﺠﺎﻧﺐ ﻃﺮﻓﺔ ﺃﺑﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺒﺪ‪ ،‬ﻣﻦ‬

‫ﺃﻣﺜﺎﻝ ‪ :‬ﺍﻟﺤﺎﺭﺙ ﺑﻦ ﺣﻠﺰﺓ ﻭﻫﻮ ﺻﺎﺣﺐ ﺍﻟﻤﻌﻠﻘﺔ ﺍﻟﺘﻲ ﻳﺒﺪﻭﻫﺎ ﺑﻘﻮﻟﻪ ‪:‬‬

‫ﺷﺮﺏ ﺛﺎﻭ ﺷﻴﻤﻞ ﻣﻨﻪ ﺍﻟﺜﻮﺍﺀ‬ ‫ﺁﺫﺍﺎﻨﺘﻧ ﺑﺒﻴﻨﻬﺎ ﺃﺳﻤﺎﺀ‬

‫ﻭﻣﻦ ﺃﻣﺜﺎﻝ ﺍﻷﻋﺸﻰ ﻣﻴﻤﻮﻥ ﺑﻦ ﻗﻴﺲ ﻭﻫﻮ ﻣﻦ ﺷﻌﺮﺍﺀ ﺍﻟﻤﻌﻠﻘﺎﺕ ﻭﺗﺒﺪ ًﺃ ﻣﻌﻠﻘﺘﻪ ﺑﻘﻮﻟﻪ‪:‬‬

‫ﻭﻫﻞ ﺗﻄﻴﻖ ﻭﺩﺍﻋ ًﺎ ﺃﻳﻬﺎ ﺍﻟﺮﺟﻞ؟‬ ‫ﻭﺩﻉ ﻫﺮﻳﺮﺓ ﺇﻥ ﺍﻟﺮﻛﺐ ﻣﺮﺗﺤﻞ‬

‫ﻭﻫﺬﺍ ﻳﻌﻨﻲ ﺃﻥ ﻫﺬﻩ ﺍﻷﺭﺽ ﺍﻟﻄﻴﺒﺔ ﺃﺭﺽ ﺍﻟﺒﺤﺮﻳﻦ ﻧﺒﻎ ﻣﻨﻬﺎ ﺛﻻﺛﺔ ﺷﻌﺮﺍﺀ ﻣﻦ ﺷﻌﺮﺍﺀ ﺍﻟﻤﻌﻠﻘﺎﺕ‬
‫ﺍﻟﺴﺒﻊ ﺍﻟﻜﺒﺎﺭ ﻭﻫﻢ ‪ :‬ﻃﺮﻓﺔ ‪ ،‬ﻭﺍﻟﺤﺎﺭﺙ ‪ ،‬ﻭﺍﻷﻋﺸﻰ ﺃﻱ ﻗﺮﻳﺐ ﻣﻦ ﻧﺼﻒ ﺷﻌﺮﺍﺀ ﺍﻟﻤﻌﻠﻘﺎﺕ ﻣﻦ ﻣﻨﻄﻘﺔ‬

‫ﺍﻟﺒﺤﺮﻳﻦ‪.‬‬

‫ﻭﺮﻬﻇ ﺷﻌﺮﺍﺀ ﺁﺮﺧﻭﻥ ﻛﺒﺎﺭ ﺑﺠﺎﻧﺐ ﻫﺆﻻﺀ ﺍﻟﺸﻌﺮﺍﺀ ﻑ ﻣﻨﻄﻘﺔ ﺍﻟﺒﺤﺮﻳﻦ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﺗﺴﺎﻋﻬﺎ ﺃﻣﺜﺎﻝ‪:‬‬
‫ﺍﻟﻤﺘﻠﻤﺲ ﺧﺎﻝ ﻃﺮﻓﺔ ‪ ،‬ﻭﺍﻟﺨﺮﻧﻖ ﺃﺧﺘﻪ ‪ ،‬ﻭﺍﻟﻤﺮﻗﺶ ﺍﻷﺻﻐﺮ ﻋﻤﻪ ‪ ،‬ﻭﺍﻟﻤﺮﻗﺶ ﺍﻷﻛﺒﺮ ﻋﻢ ﺃﺑﻴﻪ ‪ ،‬ﻭﺍﻟﻤﺜﻘﺐ‬

‫ﻹ‬

‫ﻭﺻﺮﺭ ‪٤٠‬ﺑﻌﻢ‬