Page 653 - Art In The Age Of Exploration (Great Section on Chinese Art Ming Dynasty)

As the silver of the Indies and the luxuries of there is only one definition of each and every 10. Malay Annals, 1970,151.
27
the East flowed into a Europe which was grow- man, and that is that he is rational." That, 11. Fernao Mendes Pinto, The Travels of Mendes Pinto,
ing accustomed to looking to worlds across the too, was a legacy of 1492. ed. and trans. Rebecca C. Catz (Chicago, 1989),
2
54-
seas to minister to its appetites and needs, there 12. Philip D. Curtin, Cross-Cultural Trade in World
could be no turning back to an earlier age of History (Cambridge, 1984), 136.
more limited, and less exploitative, contacts NOTES 13. See William Lytle Schurz, The Manila Galleon
between European and non-European. For 1. Antonio Pigafetta, Magellan's Voyage, trans, and (1939; repr. New York, 1959).
Benardo de Balbuena, Grandeza
Mexicana,
both good and ill, the age of European maritime ed. R. A. Skelton, 2 vols. (New Haven, 1969), 1:58. 14. El Galeon de Acapulco (Institute Nacional de cited in
expansion, so spectacularly inaugurated by the 2. Francois de Dainville, La geographic des humanistes Antropologia e Historia, Museo Nacional de Historia,
(Paris, 1946), 92, n. 3.
voyage of Columbus, had brought the world 3. Bernard Lewis, The Muslim Discovery of Europe Mexico City, 1988), 78.
closer together in ways that would forever (New York, 1982), cited James D. Tracy, The Rise of 15. Curtin, 1984,143.
change it. Merchant Empires (Cambridge, 1990), 4. 16. See Hugh Honour, The New Golden Land (New
Montaigne's contemporary and compatriot, 4. Hernan Perez de Oliva, Historia de la invencion de 17. York, 1975), 85-91. The Lords of New Spain, trans.
Alonso de Zorita,
ed. Jose Arrom (Bogota, 1965),
las Yndias,
Henri de La Popeliniere, asked why it was that 5. For Spanish America, see Woodrow Borah, 53—54. Benjamin Keen (Rutgers, 1963), 251.
"The
the Europeans of his age should have chosen to Mixing of Populations," and Magnus Morner, 18. See Crosby, 1972, ch. 3.
risk their lives, riches, honor and conscience to "Spanish Migration to the New World prior to 19. See James Muldoon, Popes, Lawyers and Infidels
"trouble the ease of those who, as our brethren 1800," in Fredi Chiappelli, ed., First Images of (Philadelphia, 1979).
in this great house of the world, asked only to America, 2 vols. (Berkeley, 1976), 2:707-722 and 20. Cited by J. H. Elliott, The Old World and the New,
1492-1650 (Cambridge, 1970), 45-46.
live the rest of their days in peace and content- 737-782. For the Portuguese in Asia, see G. V. 21. For Boemus, see Margaret T Hodgen, Early
Scammell, The World
Encompassed (Berkeley, 1981),
26
ment/' La Popeliniere's question is one that 292. Anthropology in the Sixteenth and Seventeenth
still haunts us today. Europeans would shake 6. Eric R. Wolf, Europe and the People Without Centuries (Philadelphia, 1964; repr. 1971), 134-143.
the "great house of the world" to its founda- History (Berkeley, 1982), 195. 22. Charles Gibson, The Aztecs Under Spanish Rule
tions as they ransacked it in the pursuit of what 7. A recent overview of the impact of Europeans on 23. (Palo Alto, 1964), 336.
Nicole Dacos, "Presents Americains a la Renais-
they perceived as their own best interests. the demography of the non-European world is to be sance. L'assimilation de 1'exotisme," Gazette des
Greed, arrogance, dogma—all these played their found in Alfred W Crosby, Ecological Imperialism. Beaux-Arts, VI periode, Ixxiii (1969), 57-64.
e
of Europe, 900—1900
The
Biological Expansion
part. But there was a more generous spirit alive (Cambridge, 1986), ch. 9. For syphilis, see the same 24. For Las Casas and his writings see especially Lewis
also in that European civilization which, even as author's The Columbian Exchange (Westport, Ct., Hanke, The Spanish Struggle for Justice in the
it destroyed, began to build a new, and more 1972), ch. 4. Conquest of America (Philadelphia, 1949).
interdependent, world. That spirit was best 8. Sejarah Melayu or Malay Annals, trans. C. C. 25. "Des Coches," in The Essayes of Michael Lord of
Montaigne,
trans. John Florio (1603) (London,
expressed in the declaration of Las Casas, which, 9. Brown (Oxford, 1970), 162. Revolution (Cam- 1928), 31144.
Parker, The Military
See Geoffrey
along with the question of La Popeliniere, re- bridge, 1988), ch. 4, for a valuable brief survey of 26. Les Trois Mondes (Paris, 1582), 38.
verberates down the centuries. "All the peoples the military encounter between Europe and the 27. Cited in Elliott 1970, 48.
of the world," wrote Las Casas, "are men; and non-European world.

6^ 2 CIRCA 1492