Page 20 - Pharmacology Mnemonics and Short Notes

12

Drug should be absorbed, stable, palatable and
effective in small dose.

Advantages: Rapid absorption, escape first

pass effect and proper control of dose by
spitting or swallowing excess of drug.

Nitro-glycerine non-ionic, very lipid soluble. Because of venous

drainage into the superior vena cava, this route “protects” it from
first-pass liver metabolism.

Rectal route

 May be useful when oral administration is precluded by vomiting or
when the patient is unconscious.

 Approximately 50% of the drug that is absorbed from the rectum
will bypass the liver, thus reducing the influence of first-pass
hepatic metabolism. Incomplete. -irritation.



Advantages: Rapid absorption, useful in vomiting, unconscious
patient, children, irritant drugs on stomach and drugs that undergo

first pass effect.
 Disadvantages
1. Psychological many patients refuse this route.

2. Rectal inflammation may occur with repeated use.
3. Absorption can be unreliable, esp. if the rectum is full of stool.

4. Irregular

5. Incomplete absorption
Contents 6. Irritation may occur

Pharmacology Mnemonics and Short Notes By Muhammad Ramzan Ul Rehman