Page 225 - Pharmacology Mnemonics and Short Notes

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All members have one i in them examples  Procaine, Tetracaine,
cocaine and Benzocaine

Amides

All members have two i in them examples  Lidocaine, Bupivacaine and
Ropivacaine.

Mechanism

+
Local anesthetics  block voltage gated Na channels  prevent
depolarization Block conductance of action potential

+
 Higher concentration of K in extracellular environment elevate
their local activity

+2
 Higher concentration of Ca in extracellular environment
antagonise the action of Local anesthetics

Clinical uses

S 6

 Minor surgical procedures

o Mostly combined with vasoconstrictor (epinephrine)

 Lee bleeding

 Less dose of anethetic required

 Action prolonged

 Less toxicity due to lesser systemic absorption

 Spinal anesthesia abdominal surgery

 Analgesia after surgery (post-operative analgesia) (slow epidural

low concentration infusion)

 Surface anesthesia  in dentistry and eye surgery

 Shoulder and arm surgery  plexus anesthesia
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Pharmacology Mnemonics and Short Notes By Muhammad Ramzan Ul Rehman