Page 75 - Mesenchymal Stem Cell-Derived Exosomes as an Emerging Paradigm for Regenerative Therapy and Nano-Medicine

Adv Exp Med Biol – Cell Biology and Translational Medicine
https://doi.org/10.1007/5584_2018_219
# Springer International Publishing AG, part of Springer Nature 2018

Therapeutic Potential of Mesenchymal
Stem Cell-Derived Exosomes
in the Treatment of Eye Diseases

C. Randall Harrell, Bojana Simovic Markovic, Crissy Fellabaum,
Aleksandar Arsenijevic, Valentin Djonov, Nebojsa Arsenijevic,
and Vladislav Volarevic

Abstract after intravitreal injection, MSC-derived
Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) were, due to exosomes, due to nano-dimension, diffused
their immunomodulatory and pro-angiogenic rapidly throughout the retina and significantly
characteristics, extensively explored as new attenuated retinal damage and inflammation.
therapeutic agents in cell-based therapy of MSC-derived exosomes successfully deliv-
uveitis, glaucoma, retinal and ocular surface ered trophic and immunomodulatory factors
diseases. to the inner retina and efficiently promoted
Since it was recently revealed that survival and neuritogenesis of injured retinal
exosomes play an important role in biological ganglion cells. MSC-derived exosomes effi-
functions of MSCs, herewith we summarized ciently suppressed migration of inflammatory
current knowledge about the morphology, cells, attenuated detrimental Th1 and Th17
structure, phenotype and functional cell-driven immune response and ameliorated
characteristics of MSC-derived exosomes experimental autoimmune uveitis.
emphasizing their therapeutic potential in the MSC-derived exosomes were able to fuse
treatment of eye diseases. with the lysosomes within corneal cells,
MSC-derived exosomes were as efficient as enabling delivering of MSC-derived active
transplanted MSCs in limiting the extent of β-glucuronidase and consequent catabolism
eye injury and inflammation. Immediately of accumulated glycosaminoglycans,

C. R. Harrell and C. Fellabaum
Regenerative Processing Plant-RPP, LLC, Palm Harbor,
FL, USA
e-mail: dr.harrell@regenerativeplant.org;
crissy@regenerativeplant.org
B. Simovic Markovic, A. Arsenijevic, N. Arsenijevic,
and V. Volarevic (*)
Faculty of Medical Sciences, Center for Molecular
Medicine and Stem Cell Research, University of
Kragujevac, Kragujevac, Serbia V. Djonov
e-mail: bojana.simovic@gmail.com; Institute of Anatomy, University of Bern, Bern,
aleksandar@medf.kg.ac.rs; Switzerland
arne@medf.kg.ac.rs; drvolarevic@yahoo.com e-mail: valentin.djonov@ana.unibe.ch