Page 207 - SCANDAL AND DEMOCRACY

192 Notes to Pages 113–123

“Pernyataan Solidaritas untuk Demokrasi Indonesia,” Jaringan Pendidikan Lingkungan (blog), Sep-
tember 26, 1999, https://groups.yahoo.com/neo/groups/jpl/conversations/messages/383 .
57 . “Indonesian President Delays Approval”; “Akhirnya, Pemerintah Tunda RUU PKB.”
58 . Juwono Sudarsono, quoted in “Habibie Ready to Give Up Power, Juwono Says,” JP ,
September 27, 1999.
59 . Mustofa, “Menimbang Kemungkinan Megawati,” Kompas , October 15, 1999.
60 . Jeremy Wagstaff , “Dark before Dawn: How Elite Made a Deal before Indonesia Woke
Up,” WSJ , November 2, 1999.
61 . Jose Manuel Tesoro, “All Bets Are Off: In the Race for the Presidency, New Power Bal-

ances Are Surfacing,” Asiaweek , October 15, 1999.
62 . Jenkins, “Awful Choice.”
63 . Witoelar, “Role of the Media.”
64 . Quoted in John McBeth and Margot Cohen, “Unlikely Victor,” FEER , October 28, 1999.
65 . Witoelar, “Role of the Media.”
66 . National Democratic Institute, “1999 Presidential Election,” 16.
67 . Tesoro, “All Bets Are Off .”
68 . Nisid Hajari, “Taking It Right Down to the Wire,” Time , October 25, 1999.
69 . A “former political party leader” quoted in Jenkins, “Awful Choice.”
70 . “Press Freedom, Elections Are Habibie’s Only Good Points: Poll,” AFP, October 17,
1999.
71 . Hajari, “Taking It Right Down.”
72 . David Lamb, “On Election Eve, Who Will Head Indonesia Is in Doubt,” LAT , October
19, 1999.
73 . Quoted in Jenkins, “Awful Choice.”
74 . Ibid.
75 . Wagstaff , “Dark before Dawn.” For more on backroom maneuvering during these two
days, see “What Went On behind the Scenes,” Business Times (Singapore), October 22, 1999.
76 . Ron Moreau, “Duel of the Shadow Puppets: Don’t Trust Appearances in This Week’s
Presidential Contest,” Newsweek International , October 25, 1999.
77 . Wagstaff , “Dark before Dawn.”
78 . Ibid.
79 . “Megawati Party Accepts Defeat with Grace, Angry Followers Go on Rampage,” AFP,
October 20, 1999.
80 . Ahmad Taufik and Verrianto Madjowa, “Sebar Uang, Pemilu Diulang,” Tempo , June

21–27, 1999; Tempo staff , “Pemilu 1999: Kesempurnaan Yang Retak,” Tempo , June 28–July 4,
1999.
81 . “Election Watchdog Wants Baramuli Tried,” IO , July 2, 1999.
82 . “Panwas: ‘Tindak Baramuli!’ Diduga Lakukan Money Politics,” Suara Merdeka , July 2,
1999.
83 . The New Oxford American Dictionary , 3rd ed. (2010), s.v. “scandal.”
84 . “Baligate: The Political Fallout,” ST , August 15, 1999.
85 . “Election Watchdog.”
86 . “10 Parties ‘Shared Rp 109b from Bulog,’” JP , March 16, 2002. On the diversion of
funds to over two dozen media outlets and numerous religious organizations, see Marianne
Kearney, “Media ‘Also Received Bulog Funds,’” ST , June 20, 2002.
87 . “10 Parties.”

7. Scandal and Democratic Consolidation
1 . “DPR Receives PwC’s Full Audit Report,” JP , October 20, 1999.
2 . The joint committee formed from DPR Commissions II and IX.
3 . “DPR Receives PwC’s Full Audit Report.”
4 . “Indonesian President Urges Media to Be Tough with New Government,” AFP, October
27, 1999.
5 . Quoted in “Wahid’s Strategy,” AFP, February 14, 2000.
6 . “Wiranto’s Exit,” editorial, JP , February 15, 2000.
7 . “House Won’t Oust Wahid: Speaker,” IO , January 27, 2000. See also “Lower House
to Summon Commander over US Envoy’s Coup Rumour,” Rakyat Merdeka , January 19, 2000.