Page 80 - Cambridge IGCSE Business Studies

Cambridge IGCSE Business Studies Section 2 People in business

4 Supervision – this factor considers the importance of leadership style and how
closely workers are supervised.
5 Company policy and administration – these are the rules and procedures which

control and affect the way that workers work and their relationship with others
in the workplace.
KEY TERM
According to Herzberg, hygiene factors must be present at a level which is
Job dissatisfaction: how
acceptable to workers to prevent job dissatisfaction. Improving hygiene factors
unhappy and discontent a person
is with their job. makes job dissatisfaction less likely, but will not motivate workers to work more
effi ciently.

Motivators

1 The work itself – the tasks that workers do are an important infl uence

on the motivation of workers. The work needs to be varied and challenging
and Herzberg suggested that this could be achieved by introducing job enrichment.
2 Responsibility – giving workers more responsibility for the tasks they perform,
for example allowing them to make decisions about their tasks. The manager is

showing that they trust workers and value their contribution.
3 Advancement – workers have the opportunity for promotion.
4 Achievement – workers need to feel that they have reached challenging goals.
5 Recognition of achievement – workers need to have their achievements recognised
by management and the other people they work with.

According to Herzberg, managers can use one or more motivators in order
TOP TIP
to increase the motivation of workers. However, these motivators will not
78 It is more important that you
can apply the ideas of diff erent work unless there is an acceptable level of hygiene factors to prevent job
theories to business situations dissatisfaction.
than to list all the findings. Th e effect of hygiene factors and motivators on worker satisfaction and

motivation is shown in Figure 6.5.

Workers
Workers are are not Workers are
dissatisfied Hygiene dissatisfied Motivators satisfied and
and factors
but are not motivated
demotivated
motivated

Figure 6.5 Hygiene factors and motivators