Page 52 - E-Modul Pembelajaran Bahasa Inggris SD

developed and more logic. They can focus more easily and have wider
general knowledge. Being more mature, having better learning techniques

and better motivation, the young and adults can easily make up this matters,
which children can reach thanks to their imitating skills and more flexible

minds.

attitude – in learning, there are many elements which have influence
on better acquisition or learning, but attitude is one of the most important

because it stimulates brain to better work and makes memory work more
efficiently. What is more, the lack of motivation can cause that person who

is not interested in the topic or in learning itself will not remember anything.

previous experience connected with the material that has to be learned – the
more experience the learner has, the easier and more efficient learning is for

him or her. material and content – there are some units of material which
are more difficult to understand or remember, for example, sentences which

have lots of information. Also, the size of the material, the length of

sentences, the kind of material (Passive Voice sentences are harder to
remember and require longer time to learn than Active Voice sentences)

significantly influence the effectiveness of the learning process.
way of learning – Humans use mechanical or logical memory while

the logical one is more preferred and a part of material learned in a logical
way is not only easier to reconstruct, but also stays longer in human

memory. Certain researches show that talking in a foreign language is not

only a simple reproduction of material that was learned. A learner should
pay attention to very basic patterns which can be modified and updated with

new vocabulary and structures. Mechanical memorizing of sentences can be
even a quite dangerous and tricky factor because certain language elements

occur in a particular arrangement, in a way they were learned and drilled by

exercises.
number of exercises and repetitions – Psychological research shows

that the long-term memory is extended in proportion to the learning time.
What is more, overlearning is a very important element in the memorizing

process. The higher the level of overlearning, the slower is the process of

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