Page 114 - Technology Roadmap Transportation

TECHNOLOGY VISION 2035

FIG 7.6 DRIVERLESS CAR
A schematic figure of driverless car is shown below which uses uses an array of sensors to navigate public roads
without a human driver. Other components, not shown, include a GPS receiver and inertial motion sensor.

LIDAR POSITION ESTIMATOR
A rotating sensor on the roof scans A sensor mounted on the left rear
more than 200 feet in all directions wheel measures small
to generate a precise three-dimensional movements made by the car and
map of the car's surroundings. helps to accurately locate its
position on the map.

VIDEO CAMERA
A Camera mounted
near the
rear-view mirror
detects traffic lights
and helps the car's
onboard computers
recognize moving
obstacles like
pedestrians and
bicyclists.

RADAR
Four standard automotive radar sensors,three in front and one in the rear,
help determine the positions of distant objects.

over-steer or under-steer because of an Congestion raises the emissions from road
emergency rolling avoidance measure, or transport. Basic agenda for blue sky research is:
by excessive speed in a corner, VSC will (a) Rebuild intersections as roundabouts to
automatically activate. By adjusting the improve safety and reduce delays.
engine’s power output and braking each (b) Fine tuned electronic toll collection (ETC)
wheel independently, VSC helps to return as well as road infrastructure charging may
the vehicle to a ‘zone of stable operation’.
compensate for the shortcomings of more
traditional schemes like fuel taxation.
7.4 ROAD NETWORKS (c) Automated roads as escalators to avoid
While maintaining and reconstructing existing traffic jams.
roads and bridges, improvements should cover
complete streets (opportunities for bicycles and (d) Speed breakers consume lot of energy that
pedestrians), improve safety, increase efficiency, can be avoided by using automatic sensors.
and minimize lifetime costs. An intelligent Sensors installed in both road and vehicles
management of both travel demand and automatically detect the low speed range
existing road traffic, according to environmental and slow down cars.
objectives is essential. Efficient and ubiquitous (e) Vertical laning of road can resolve the
road charging infrastructure can help relieve problem of land requirement in future.
congestion and contribute to reduced emissions
per passenger or per ton goods transported.

112 ROADWAYS