Page 109 - Technology Roadmap Transportation

TECHNOLOGY ROADMAP: TRANSPORTATION

7.1 FUEL EFFICIENT VEHICLES shifted from the engine to understanding the
For road transport sector, vehicle design is the combustion phenomenon. Therefore research
most critical area of R & D because it affects is being carried out full throttle to improve the
all other issues related to vehicular emissions, combustion inside the engine and its control,
passenger safety, transport economics etc. For in order to improve the fuel economy and
efficient road transportation, all vehicles starting emission reduction. Advanced combustion
from a bicycle to heavy-duty trucks must be diagnostic techniques are also required for
designed to deliver optimized performance and attaining these objectives. Advanced combustion
emissions from the power plant of that size. concepts such as Homogeneous Charge
Compression Ignition (HCCI) and Partially
Today, exhaustive modifications have been made Premixed Charge Compression Ignition (PCCI)
in the engine technology such as introduction may solve some of the critical issues related to
of MPFI system, CRDI system, and high pressure engine performance, emissions and durability,
direct fuel injection systems. Now the focus has however they are still under development.

SOME OF THE BLUE SKY RESEARCH ASPECTS FOR VEHICLE SYSTEM DESIGN CAN BE

Advanced combustion and optical
1 diagnostics to improve combustion
Development of highly fuel efficient engines
using newer combustion concepts such as 2
HCCI, PCCI and GDI Increasing fuel injection pressures upto
3 3000 bars to improve thermal efficiency
New thermodynamic cycles for engines with and reduce emissions
overall thermal efficiency > 70% 4
Advanced heat energy recovery technologies
5
Development of advanced after-treatment (such as thermoelectrics)
systems to reduce engine out emissions to 6
background levels Variable displacement engine to improve the
7
overall efficiency, according to engine load
Intelligent powertrain and heating, ventilation and
air conditioning (HVAC) management 8
3 generation batteries with specific energy
rd
9
greater than 400 Wh/kg
Super high efficiency electric machines and use
of Superconductors 10
Advanced aerodynamic concepts for drag
11
reduction to improve efficiency by 25%
Development of advanced electrical hybrid
system to improve overall efficiency of vehicle 12
Development of advanced material to store
13
and use the energy lost due to friction
Fully hydraulic hybrid drivetrain for utilization of
deceleration energy 14
Advanced materials for electric machines and
15
improved fuel cells drivetrains
Development of Super Light Car:
The main objective is to develop an innovative 16
multi-material lightweight design for vehicle
structures [Fig 7.2]

ROADWAYS 107