Page 112 - Technology Roadmap Transportation

TECHNOLOGY VISION 2035

FIG 7.4
INTEGRATION OF BIOCHEMICAL AND THERMO-CHEMICAL
TRANSFORMATION STAGES IN THE SAME “BIOREFINERY” [3]

BIOGAS ENERGY

NATURAL GAS INTEGRATED
BIO CRUDE
BIOREFINING FUEL

CRUDE OIL COMPLEX
SOLID BIOMASS

CO-PRODUCTS
COAL, LIGNITE

production have been combined to utilize the distribution of brake force between the
energy and co-products of one section into brakes of the front and rear wheels.
other one. This approach reduces the wastage • When braking around a corner, it also
of material and energy and optimizes the controls the brake force on the left and
process. right wheels, helping maintain vehicle
stability.
(b) “Third-generation” and “Fourth-generation”
biofuels will be the most advanced form • Braking is now controlled electronically by
of biofuels used in road transport sector. the ABS Electronic Control Unit (ECU).
The fourth-generation biofuels will be (b) Self driving and situationally aware vehicles
either created using petroleum-like hydro- (Figure 7.5).
processing, advanced bio-chemistry, or (c) Collision avoidance and mitigation systems.
revisionary processes like Joule’s “solar-to-
fuel” method that defies any other category (d) Intelligent cruise control.
of biofuels. (e) Vehicle to vehicle communication system.

(c) Advanced cars running with air as fuel. (f) Safe speed including speed alert.
(d) Energy bike/ cars: Automobile to run on (g) E-call: In case of accidents, the vehicle can
water. even transmit a distress signal to the nearest
emergency rescue center.
7.3 ROAD SAFETY
(a) Electronic Brake Force Distribution: (h) Active safety devices in vehicles should take
Electronic Brake Distribution (EBD) is full account of pedestrians and cyclists.
a braking system which adjusts braking (i) Rear-mounted radar
according to the situation. It gives superior
control and stability, during an emergency. (j) Night vision with pedestrian detection and
Unlike most braking systems, which automatic high-beam control.
distribute brake force through mechanical (k) Vehicles can be automated using sensors
control, EBD applies brake force precisely and transmitted to avoid any kind of accident.
through electronic controls. It recognizes
that driving conditions braking situations (l) Driverless car which can read the mind,
and vehicle weight distributions are unique follow area map for directions and drive to
and constantly changing. The EBD control the desired destination (Figure 7.6).
works with ABS, ensuring the most effective (m) Vehicle Stability Control: VSC begins to

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