Page 66 - Technology Roadmap Transportation

TECHNOLOGY VISION 2035

There are numerous approaches, which can required to operate small and lighter vehicles.
be taken up to reduce CO emission levels Hybridization: Scenario 2 introduced a large
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from the road transport sector in India. These number of gasoline hybrid vehicles. Hybrid
approaches include use of low carbon fuels, vehicles benefit from the combined operation
hydrogen, fuels from bio-origin, use of advanced of an internal combustion engine and an
and more efficient engine technologies electric motor which assists the engine over
such as Gasoline Direct Injection (GDI) and accelerations and high load conditions. As a
Homogeneous Charge Compression Ignition result, a smaller engine than in a conventional
(HCCI), engine efficiency improvement, vehicle may be used which operates under
improved traffic management, improved road less transient conditions. This results to higher
conditions and road network, and active CO overall efficiency.
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sequestration by planting trees around heavy
traffic corridors. Electrification: Scenario 3 considered the
introduction of electric vehicles, i.e. vehicles
Possible interventions for CO reduction in where power to the wheels is delivered by
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India can be classified based on three different an electric motor and which can be charged
scenarios (Downsizing, hybridization and directly from the power grid. An electric vehicle
electrification) as shown in figure 4.3. with range extender was considered as the
best example, i.e. a vehicle where an internal
Downsizing: Scenario 1 assumed that new combustion engine charges the batteries when
registrations of vehicles are shifted from larger depleted. This differs from hybrid because
to smaller cars. This is a tendency which is power to the wheels is provided only through
obvious, with all mainstream manufacturers the electric motor. However, such an electric
extending the range of smaller cars offered vehicle is not compromised by a small range.
(i.e. below 1.4 l engine capacity). Downsizing Therefore, it appears as the best of both
reduces emissions as a result of less energy worlds.

FIG 4.2 ACTUAL AND FORECASTED CO EMISSIONS IN INDIA[2]
2
0 50 100 150 200 250 300 350 400 450
1980

2000
2015

BAU

Eciency
MILLION TONNES CO 2 2030
TWW

SUT

BAU

Eciency
TWW

SUT

CAR, TRUCK TWO WHEELER THREE WHEELER BUS RAIL

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