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Õπÿ≠“μ‡ ’¬°àÕπ (¡“μ√“ ıÒ)

„π‡√◊ËÕßπ’È §≥–°√√¡°“√·¢àߢ—π∑“ß°“√§â“‰¥âª√–°“»„™âª√–°“»§≥–°√√¡°“√

·¢àߢ—π∑“ß°“√§â“ ‰¥â·°à ª√–°“»œ ‡√◊ËÕß À≈—°‡°≥±å «‘∏’°“√ ·≈–‡ß◊ËÕπ‰¢°“√¢ÕÕπÿ≠“μ
·≈–°“√Õπÿ≠“μ°“√√«¡∏ÿ√°‘® æ.». ÚıˆÒ ª√–°“»œ ‡√◊ËÕß À≈—°‡°≥±å «‘∏’°“√ ·≈–

‡ß◊ËÕπ‰¢°“√·®âߺ≈°“√√«¡∏ÿ√°‘® æ.». ÚıˆÒ ·≈–ª√–°“»œ ‡√◊ËÕß À≈—°‡°≥±å°“√æ‘®“√≥“

°“√‡¢â“´◊ÈÕ ‘π∑√—æ¬åÀ√◊ÕÀÿâπ‡æ◊ËÕ§«∫§ÿ¡π‚¬∫“¬°“√∫√‘À“√∏ÿ√°‘® °“√Õ”π«¬°“√ À√◊Õ°“√
®—¥°“√∑’ˇªìπ°“√√«¡∏ÿ√°‘® æ.». ÚıˆÒ

Ò.Û °“√√à«¡°—∫ºŸâª√–°Õ∫∏ÿ√°‘®Õ◊Ëπ°√–∑”°“√„¥Ê Õ—π‡ªìπ°“√ºŸ°¢“¥À√◊Õ

≈¥°“√·¢àߢ—πÀ√◊Õ®”°—¥°“√·¢àߢ—π (collusion)

¡“μ√“ ıÙ ·≈– ıı ¢Õßæ√–√“™∫—≠≠—μ‘·¢àߢ—π∑“ß°“√§â“œ ∂◊Õ‡ªìπÀ—«„®¢Õß

æ√–√“™∫—≠≠—μ‘¥—ß°≈à“«‡π◊ËÕß®“°°”Àπ¥°“√°√–∑”∑’ËμâÕßÀâ“¡·≈–‡ªìπÕ—πμ√“¬μàÕ√–∫∫

°“√§â“‡ √’ (free market) ‚¥¬∫∑∫—≠≠—μ‘∑—Èß Õß¡“μ√“π—Èπ‡ªìπ°“√·∫àß·¬°≈—°…≥–
°“√°√–∑”§«“¡º‘¥μ“¡§«“¡√⓬·√ߢÕß°“√°√–∑” °≈à“«§◊Õ ¡“μ√“ ıÙ ‡ªìπ°“√°√–∑”

∑’Ë√⓬·√ß·≈–‡ªìπªØ‘ªí°…åμàÕ°“√·¢àߢ—π∑“ß°“√§â“ (hardcore cartels) ‡™àπ °“√°”Àπ¥

√“§“‚¥¬‰¡à‡ªìπ∏√√¡ (price fixing) ®”°—¥ª√‘¡“≥°“√º≈‘μ (output restriction)

°“√ ¡§∫ª√–¡Ÿ≈‚¥¬‰¡à™Õ∫ (bid rigging À√◊Õ collusive tenders) À√◊Õ°“√·∫àßμ≈“¥

(market allocation) ‡ªìπμâπ ≈—°…≥–°“√°√–∑”¥—ß°≈à“«§≈⓬§≈÷ß Article ÒÒ (a) ∂÷ß
(c) ¢Õß TFEU ´÷Ëß°”Àπ¥„Àâ°“√°√–∑”‡À≈à“π’È∂◊Õ‡ªìπªØ‘ªí°…å°—∫°“√·¢àߢ—π∑“ß°“√§â“

·≈–„π∑“ߪؑ∫—μ‘ À¿“æ¬ÿ‚√ª·∑∫‰¡à‡§¬„ÀâÕâ“ߢâÕ¬°‡«âπ‰¡à„Àâ°“√°√–∑”¥—ß°≈à“«‰¡à‡ªìπ

§«“¡º‘¥ ¬°‡«âπ„π°√≥’«‘°ƒμ‘ (crisis cartels) ‡™àπ °“√®”°—¥°“√º≈‘μ‡π◊ËÕß®“°ªí≠À“
(Ò)
‘π§â“≈âπª√‘¡“≥Õ¬à“ß√⓬·√ß (serious overcapacity)

(Ò)
‡™à𠧔«‘π‘®©—¬¢Õß EU Commission „𧥒 ENI/Montedison (87/3/EEC).

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