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SCALES 191

2. Rank the cities listed below in the order that you consider suitable for open-
ing a new plant. The city considered the most suitable will be ranked 1, the
next 2, and so on.

___ Cincinnati ___ Milwaukee
___ Detroit ___ Pittsburgh
___ Des Moines ___ St. Louis
___ Houston

Example 8.9 USE OF THE INTERVAL SCALE
Interval scale is used when responses to various items that measure a variable
can be tapped on a five-point (or seven-point or any other number of points)
scale, which can thereafter be summated across the items. See example below of
a Likert scale.

Using the scale below, please indicate your response to each of the items
that follow, by circling the number that best describes your feeling.

Strongly Neither Agree Strongly
Disagree Disagree Nor Disagree Agree Agree
1 2 3 4 5
1. My job offers me a chance 1 2 3 4 5
to test myself and my abilities.
2. Mastering this job meant 1 2 3 4 5
a lot to me.
3. Doing this job well is 1 2 3 4 5
a reward in itself.
4. Considering the time spent 1 2 3 4 5
on the job, I feel thoroughly
familiar with my tasks
and responsibilities.

Example 8.10 USE OF THE RATIO SCALE
Ratio scales are usually used in organizational research when exact numbers on
objective (as opposed to subjective) factors are called for, as in the following
questions: