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also being investigate with PAC spectroscopy using Cd
as probe nuclei. These nanoparticles are important ma-
terials for biomedical applications such as drug deliv-
ery, hyperthermia treatment of tumors and imaging.

5 Rare-earth nanoparticles such as Gd O and Er O are also being
2
2
3
3
studied targeting imaging and radiotherapy enhancement.
6 PAC spectroscopy is also used to investigate biomol-
ecules of EDTA, nucleobases, and peptides.

7 Very precise ab-inito method of electronic structure calcu-
lations based on the density functional theory using a local
density approximation are being used to help in the inter-
pretation of hyperfine interaction parameters through the
WIEN2k code. The first-principles full potential linear aug-
mented plane-wave (FP-LAPW) calculations of the electronic
structure and hyperfine fields have been performed for the
intermetallic compounds RECd, REIn (RE = rare-earth ele-
3
ment) and LaMn X (X = Ge,Si). Ab-initio calculations for ox-
2 2
ides such as HfO , CoO and In O are also being carried out.
2 2 3

Theoretical Experimental
45 L-RE H-RE GdCd

30

25 SmCd TbCd
B H (0) [T] 20 NdCd DyCd

15
PrCd
HoCd - I
10 HoCd - II
Fig 4. (left) TEM images for Fe O nanoparticles. (F. B.Effenberger, A.
3 4
W. Carbonari, L. M. Rossi, J. Magn. Magn. Mater. 417, 49, 2016). (Cen- ErCd
ter) Experimental, measured by PAC, and theoretical, calculated by 5 CeCd
WIEN2k, spin dependence of saturation values of magnetic hyper-
fine field Bhf. F. H. M. Cavalcante et al. Phys. Rev. B 94, 064417, 2016). 0
Fig. 4 ( right) Cd probes in DNA molecules of mice infected with the -2.0 -1.0 0 1.0 2.0 3.0 4.0
Y-strain of Trypanosoma cruzi used for PAC measurements and DFT
calculations. P. A. D. Petersen et al. Biochemistry 53, 3446, 2014). (g-1)J

Instituto de Pesquisas Energéticas e Nucleares