Page 733 - ACFE Fraud Reports 2009_2020

FIG. 89 What anti-fraud controls are the most common in FIG. 91 Cases by country in Western
Western Europe? Europe

Control Percent of cases Country Number of cases
External audit of financial statements 89% Austria 2
Code of conduct 87% Belgium 3
Management certification of financial statements 81% Denmark 2
Internal audit department 80% Finland 3
External audit of internal controls over financial reporting 79% France 6
Management review 74% Germany 12
Independent audit committee 70% Greece 21
Hotline 65% Ireland 2
Anti-fraud policy 65% Italy 10
Fraud training for managers/executives 62% Luxembourg 1
Fraud training for employees 61% Netherlands 12
Employee support programs 57% Spain 13
Formal fraud risk assessments 53% Switzerland 17
Dedicated fraud department, function, or team 51% United Kingdom 24
How does the perpetrator's level of authority relate to occupa-
tional fraud in Western Europe?
Proactive data monitoring/analysis 44%
Surprise audits 43% Total cases: 128
Job rotation/mandatory vacation 25% Median Loss Western Europe?
Rewards for whistleblowers 6%

FIG. 90 How does the perpetrator’s level of authority
relate to occupational fraud in Western Europe?

45
45% MEDIAN LOSS:
40
33%
35 usd 139,000
PERCENT OF C A SES 25 17%
30
20
15
� � � � �
10
5 7%
0 OF ALL CASES
Employee Manager Owner/
executive
128
$100,000
$150,000 CASES

MEDIAN L OSS

$1,350,000

Western Europe Report to the Nations 77