Page 701 - PPL-engelsk 2025

Aircraft general knowledge

White arc: Flaps operational area.

Here are two limits:

- Vs0 = Lower limit for stall speed with full flaps and engine idling.

- Vfe = Upper limit is the highest speed for fully deployed flaps.

Green arc: Normal operating range

- Vs1 = Lower limit for stall speed for the aircraft at full weight, with the engine
at idle and flaps and landing gear up.

- Vno = Upper limit is the highest cruising speed, the highest airspeed indicator

reading at which the aircraft is not damaged in moderate turbulence.

Yellow arc: caution area – control deflection must not be used in turbulent

weather. In severe turbulent air, aircraft can be damaged in this speed range.

- Vne = Upper limit for operation (Velocity never exceed).

The red line (Vne) must not be exceeded under

any circumstances.

You can read more under the subjects Flight Principles and Flying ts performance

and planning.

8.4.1.5 Load on parked aircraft

However, it is not only in the air that the aircraft can suffer overload. It can also

be exposed to overload when parked. In strong winds, the controls can swing
back and forth violently if control locks are not used. It may also be necessary to

tie the aircraft to the ground.

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Flyveteori PPL(A)(UL)/LAPL Henning Andersen, Midtjysk Flyveskole© 2025 701