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254                Natural Antioxidants: Applications in Foods of Animal Origin
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                           Required Samples to Confidently Report Analytical  Information
                                         1 sample z test
                    1.0
                                                                 Sem~le
                                                                   Size
                    0.8          ~--r-----=------.---              32
                                    1                           Assumf>lions
                                                             Alpha    0.05
                          '
                    0.6   -<•       '  ~-----~------r-       StDev     10
                  (;:;    I                                  Alternative   Not=
                  ~
                  "- 0    '
                    0.4   ~---
                          '  '  '
                          '
                          0
                    0.2   ,------r  I             ,-----T----
                          I                       1
                          I                       '
                                                  '  I
                    0.0                           '
                          -6   -4   -2   0        4    6
                         Detection Difference For Reference Analytical  Method
            FIGURE 6.39(a)  For  the purpose of illustration,  a generalized  “reference” analytical
            method, with a standard deviation of 10 requires that 32 samples be collected and analyzed.





                        Required Sarnples to Confidentlly Report Analytical  Information
                                        1 sarnple z test
                 1.0
                                        I                          Semple
                                        I                            Size
                                        I  I                          8
                 0.8           ·---r-----:------:----
                                   1    I    I                    Assumptions
                                   I    I    I
                                   I    I    I                           0.05
                        I          I    I    I                 Alpha
                                        I
                        I
                                             I
                                   I
                 0.6   ·-<-       .... -----t------·-  -+----  StDev       5
               (;:;     1          1    I  I   I        1
               5                        I                      Alternative   Not=
               0                        I
              CL       . .J ___ _       I               I
                        I
                 0.4    I           ----L---         ---~---
                                        1
                                                        1
                        I                               I
                        I                               I
                        I                               I
                 0.2
                        -6   -4   -2    0    2    4     6
                       Detection Difference For Modified Analytical Method
            FIGURE 6.39(b)  With a standard deviation of 10 for this “modified” analytical method, 8
            samples instead of 32 provides the quality of information needed.
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