Page 555 - Saunders Comprehensive Review For NCLEX-RN

C. Rotavirus vaccine (RV)
1. Rotavirus is a cause of serious gastroenteritis and is a
nosocomial (hospital-acquired) pathogen that is most
severe in children 3 to 24 months of age; children
younger than 3 months have some protection because
of maternally acquired antibodies.
2. Vaccines are available and are administered by the
oral route because the vaccine must replicate in the
infant’s gut.
3. Vaccine may be withheld if an infant is experiencing
severe vomiting and diarrhea; it is administered as
soon as the infant recovers.
D. Diphtheria, tetanus, acellular pertussis (DTaP); tetanus toxoid;
reduced diphtheria toxoid and acellular pertussis vaccine (Tdap
adolescent preparation)
1. Administered by intramuscular route
2. The Tdap (adolescent preparation) is recommended at
11 to 12 years of age for children who have completed
the recommended childhood DTaP series but have
not received a tetanus and diphtheria toxoid (Td)
booster dose; children 13 to 18 years old who have not
received Tdap should receive a dose.
3. Td does not provide protection against pertussis; Td is
used as a booster every 10 years after Tdap is
administered at 11 to 18 years of age.
4. Encephalopathy is a complication.
5. Contraindications: Encephalopathy within 7 days of a
previous dose or a severe allergic reaction to a
previous dose or to a vaccine component
E. Haemophilus influenzae type b (Hib) conjugate vaccine (Hib)
1. Protects against numerous serious infections caused
by H. influenzae type b, such as bacterial meningitis,
epiglottitis, bacterial pneumonia, septic arthritis, and
sepsis
2. Administered by the intramuscular route
3. Contraindications: Severe allergic reaction to a
previous dose or vaccine component
F. Influenza vaccine: Vaccine is recommended annually for children
beginning at age 6 months.
G. Inactivated poliovirus vaccine (IPV)
1. IPV is administered by the subcutaneous route (it may
also be given by the intramuscular route).
2. Contraindications: Severe allergic reaction to a
previous dose or vaccine component; components
may include formalin, neomycin, streptomycin, or
polymyxin B
H. Measles, mumps, rubella (MMR) vaccine
1. Vaccine is administered by the subcutaneous route.

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