Page 65 - Class Portfolio2019

UNIT I
PSYCHOLOGICAL FOUNDATIONS OF EDUCATION

c. Find something that contradicts (antithesis)
d. Work to resolve contradiction by constructing some new concept that takes both thesis
and antithesis into account (synthesis)

Vygotsky’s Stages
From independent genetic roots language and thought begin to merge early in development.

Stage1 (1st year): Pre-verbal thought and pre-intellectual speech

Stage 2 (2nd year): Practical intelligence and syntactic mastery
Stage 3 (2-4 years): Egocentric speech using symbols as aids/discovering that things have
names

Stage 4(4years to adulthood): inner speech and the growth of verbal thought.
Vygotsky’s Position on merging of thought and speech

If children’s language climate is full of
“simplistic” or “primitive” language,
they will think “simplistically” or
“primitively”

Vygotsky’s Sociocultural Theory of Cognitive Development
Developed three main developmental ideas:

1. Internalization
- Taking in knowledge observed in a social context.

Language is key to the internalization of complex ideas.

2. Zone of Proximal Development
- The range between a child’s level of independent performance and the level of performance a
child can reach with assistance.

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