Page 265 - The Manga Guide to Biochemistry
P. 265
F glucosyltransferase, 169–171 inhibitors
glycocalyx, 125 allosteric enzymes, 196–199
fat glycogen, 132 overview, 193–195
ingested and expended energy, glycolipids, 94
106–110 glycolysis insulin, 108
overview, 106 internal respiration, 37, 65
saccharides in energy production, 30 introns, 219, 223, 227
fat used as energy source, glucose decomposition by, invertase, 133, 134
118–122 ionic bonds, 36
overeating and weight 68–70
gain, 123 in respiration, 67 K
overview, 111–117 glycosidic bond, 138,
ketoses, 83
fatty acids, 45, 95–96 141–143, 173 Krebs cycle (citric acid cycle), 67,
foam cells, 103 glycosyltransferase, 169
free cholesterol, 101 golgi apparatus, 16, 17 71–73, 115
fructofuranose, 83 good cholesterol, 100, 105
fructopyranose, 83 granums, 49 L
fructose, 59, 61, 116 graphs
fruit lactose, 61
activation energy, 176 LDL (low-density lipoproteins),
becoming sweet, 133–135 chemical reactions, 175, 177
saccharides, 131–132 maximum reaction rate, 178 101–105
sugar in, 130 Michaelis-Menten equation, lectin blotting, 234–235
furanose, 83 leptin, 109, 110
180–181, 191–192 L-form isomers, 84
G overview, 174 Lineweaver-Burk reciprocal plot,
reciprocals, 186–190
G (guanine), 206, 208 guanine (G), 206, 208 183–184, 192
galactose, 62 guanosine monophosphate, 208 lipids
genes
H cholesterol, 97–99
DNA, 17, 202–203, 218–219 fatty acids, 95–96
exons, 219, 227 HDL (high-density lipoproteins), lipoproteins
introns, 219, 223, 227 101–105
overview, 19 arteriosclerosis, 103–104
RNA. See RNA heme, 160 good and bad
hemiacetal, 63
(ribonucleic acid) hemoglobin, 161 cholesterol, 105
genetic material of cells, 202 high-density lipoproteins (HDL), overview, 100–102
global environment, 40–41 overview, 88–90
globin, 161 101–105 types of, 91–94
glucofuranose, 83 hydrocarbon chain, 95 lipogenesis, 29
gluconeogenesis, 29–30 hydrogen acceptor, 54 lipoprotein lipase enzyme, 112
glucose hydrolases, 119, 172–173 lipoproteins
hydrolysis, 173 arteriosclerosis, 103–104
in carbon cycle, 45 hydrophilic, 16, 93 good (HDL) and bad (LDL)
composition of, 62 hydrophobic, 16, 93
cyclic (ring) form, 61 cholesterol, 105
decomposition by glycolysis, I overview, 100–102
liquid scintillation counter, 236
68–70 ingested energy, 106–110 low-density lipoproteins (LDL),
in energy production, 30 ingested lipids, 112
in food, 59 inhibition 101–105
open-chain form, 61 lysosome, 16–17
competitive, 193
non-competitive, 194
Index 251
