Page 230 - Quantitative Data Analysis

Quantitative Data Analysis
Simply Explained Using SPSS

Basic Statistical Tests

Example of a
Dependent Independent Purpose of research Measure of
Name of Test
Variables Variables statistical test question that effect size
uses the test
Do the percent
Compare the
Chi-square percent in of ethnic
test of sample with groups in my
goodness of none 1 categorical specified sample differ Cramer's V
significantly
fit percent in from district
population
percentages?
Is the mean
Compare the
mean of a aptitude level
One-sample none 1 continuous sample with a for my sample Cohen's d
significantly
t-test specified different from
population
mean the population
(e.g. IQ=100)
Do males and
Compare the
t-test for 1 categorical females have
independent 1 continuous with two means of two significantly Cohen's d
samples categories independent different body
samples
temperatures?
Are posttest
1 categorical Compare the
t-test for with two means of two scores
paired 1 continuous paired paired significantly Cohen's d
samples categories samples greater than
pretest scores?
Do Democrats,
Republicans,
and
1 categorical Compare the 2
analysis of Independents eta (ç ) or
variance 1 continuous with two or means of two differ omega (ù ,
(ANOVA) more or more significantly on 2
categories samples ù )
scores on an
empathy
scale?
Determines Is there a
whether two significant
correlation 1 continuous 1 continuous variables relationship r 2
correlate between
significantly college GPAs

The Theory and Applications of Statistical Inferences 214