Page 45 - Zoology

1
†ibvj wUDwey¨j‡mi G Ask e„‡°i K‡U©‡· Aew¯’Z| Gi cÖvPxi GK¯Íix Gwc‡_wjqvg †Kvl w`‡q MwVZ| †Kvl¸‡jvi GKcÖv‡šÍ AmsL¨ gvB‡µvwfjvB _v‡K|
2) †nbjxi jyc (Henles loop) t cÖw·gvj cu¨vPv‡bv bvwjKvi †klcÖvšÍ †mvRv I wbgœMvgx n‡q †gWyjvq Xy‡K †h U- Aÿ‡ii g‡Zv jyc ˆZwi
K‡i Zv‡K jyc Ae †nbwj e‡j| (Avwe®‹viK †d«WwiL †nbwji bvgvbymv‡i Gi bvg nq †nbwji jyc|) Bnv wbgœ evû Ges DaŸ© evûi mgš^‡q MwVZ|

3) wW÷vj / `yieZx© cu¨vPv‡bv bvjxKv (Distal convoluted tubule) t Bnv †nbjxi jyc n‡Z msMÖvnK bvjx ch©šÍ we¯Í…Z
cÖvq 5 wgwjwgUvi j¤^v Ges GwU e„‡°i K‡U©‡· Ae¯’vb K‡i|
4) msMÖvnx bvwjKv (Collecting duct) t Bnv †ibvj bvjxi †kl Ask| Gi wKQy Ask K‡U©‡·, evwK Ask †gWyjvq Aew¯’Z| Bnv wW÷vj
cu¨vPv‡bv bvjxKv n‡Z ‡iPb `ªe¨ msMÖn K‡i| K‡qKwU msMÖvnx bvwj wgwjZ n‡q Wv± Ae ‡ewjwb MVb K‡i|

AwZwi³ cÖkœ t g~Î Kx? g~‡Îi Dcv`vb¸‡jv ‡jL|
g~Î t †bd«‡bi †ibvj wUDey¨‡ji wewfbœ Ask cybt‡kvl‡bi ci mvgvb¨ njy` iO‡qi, we‡kl SuvSv‡jv MÜhy³, mvgvb¨ A¤øagx© cvwbmn †h
AcÖ‡qvRbxq bvB‡Uªv‡RbNwUZ eR©¨ c`v_© g~Îbvwj c‡_ †`ngy³ nq, Zv‡K g~Î e‡j| e„‡° ˆ`wbK 0.5-2.5 wjUvi g~Î Drcbœ nq| GKRb my¯’
gvbyl M‡o 1.5 wjUvi g~Î Z¨vM K‡i| BD‡ivµg bvgK c`v_© _vKvq g~Î Lo e‡Y©i nq|
g~‡Îi Dcv`vb t g~‡Îi me Dcv`v‡bi g‡a¨ cvwbi cwigvY me©vwaK, kZKiv cÖvq 95 fvM| wb‡P Q‡Ki gva¨‡g g~‡Îi Dcv`vb¸‡jv †`Lv‡bv
n‡jvÑ
Dcv`vb kZKiv nvi Dcv`vb kZKiv nvi Dcv`vb kZKiv nvi
cvwb 95 ‡mvwWqvg 0.35 ‡K¬vivBW 0.60
BDwiqv 2 A¨v‡gvwbqvg 0.04 dm‡dU 0.27
BDwiK A¨vwmW 0.05 cUvwmqvg 0.15 mvj‡dU 0.18
wµ‡qwUwbb 0.075 g¨vM‡bwmqvg 0.01 Ab¨vb¨ 1.275

cÖkœ t ‡iP‡bi kvixie„Ë eY©bv Ki|
‡iP‡bi kvixie„Ë t gvby‡li cÖavb bvB‡Uªv‡RbNwUZ †iPb eR©¨ n‡jv BDwiqv, BDwiK GwmW, A¨v‡gvwbqv, wµ‡qwUwbb BZ¨vw`| †iP‡bi
kvixie„ˇK `ywU wk‡ivbv‡g Av‡jvPbv Kiv nq-
1) bvB‡Uªv‡RbRvZ eR©¨ Drcv`b t BDwiqvB gvbe‡`‡n cÖavb bvB‡Uªv‡RbNwUZ eR©¨ c`v_©| GwU cÖavYZ hK…‡Z wWA¨vgvB‡bR GbRvB‡gi
mnvqZvq A¨vwg‡bv A¨vwm‡Wi wWA¨vwg‡bkb cÖwµqvq Aiwbw_b P‡µi gva¨‡g Drcbœ nq Ges i³ msen‡bi gva¨‡g e„‡° †cuŠQvq|

gvbe †`‡ni wcDwib wecv‡Ki †kl cwiYwZ n‡”Q BDwiK A¨vwmW Drcv`b| †`nRvZ I M„nxZ Lv`¨ G `yai‡bi wcDwib RvZxq c`v_©
†_‡KB BDwiK A¨vwmW Drcbœ n‡q e„‡° †cuŠQvq|wUmy¨ †cÖvwU‡bi fvO‡bi ga¨ w`‡q G RwUj bvB‡Uªv‡RbNwUZ c`v‡_©i DrcwË nq|

2) g~Î m„wó t weÁvbx Kzkbx (Cushney, 1917)-i g‡Z 3wU av‡c gvby‡l gyÎ m„wó nqÑ
K) AvjUªvwdj‡Uªkb / AwZcwimªveY t e„‡°i †ibvj K¨vcmy¨j AwZ
cwimªveKiƒ‡c KvR K‡i Ges †Møv‡giyjv‡mi Kv‡Q Ae¯’vb K‡i| †Møv‡giyjvm i‡³i
nvB‡Wªv÷¨vwUK Pv‡c i‡³i †cÖvwUb I i³KwYKv Qvov mg¯Í cvwb, jeY, kK©iv,
BDwiqv, BDwiK A¨vwmW cÖf„wZ cwimªveY cÖwµqvq ˆKwkKRvwjKvi G‡Ûv‡_wjqvg
I wfwËwSwjø Ges †ibvj K¨vcmy¨‡ji Gwc‡_wjqvg †f` K‡i K¨vcmy¨jvi †¯ú‡m
Rgv nq| G cwimªyZ Zij‡K †Møv‡giyjvi wdj‡UªU e‡j|
L) wbe©vPbg~jK cyb‡kvlY t †Møv‡giyjvi wdj‡UªU †bd«‡bi †fZi w`‡q
cÖevwnZ nIqvi mgq wewfbœ `ªe¨ †bd«b-cÖvPx‡ii †Kv‡l †kvwlZ n‡q †bd«b msjMœ
ˆKwkKRvwjKvq cÖ‡e‡ki cÖwµqv‡K wbe©vPbg~jK cybt‡kvlY e‡j| G cÖwµqvq
wdj‡UªU †_‡K cÖPzi cwigvY †mvwWqvg I mg¯Í Møy‡KvR, 65% cvwb, 50%
BDwiqv, A¨vwg‡bv A¨vwmW, wfUvwgb Ges †K¬vivBW Avqb †kvwlZ nq|
3
3
gvbe‡`‡n cÖwZ wgwb‡U 125 cm ‡Møv‡giyjvi wdj‡UªU Drcbœ nq| Gi g‡a¨ 124 cm cybt‡kvwlZ nq| Gi g‡a¨ 80% cybt‡kvwlZ nq
wbKUeZx© cu¨vPv‡bv bvwjKvq| evwK 20% †nbwj, `yieZx© cu¨vPv‡bv bvwjKv I msMÖvnx bvwj‡Z †kvwlZ nq|
M) mwµq ÿiY t cÖw·gvj cu¨vPv‡bv bvwjKvq ˆKwkK RvwjKv †_‡K wKQy AevwÂZ e¯‘i (†hgb-wµ‡qwUwbb I mvgvb¨ BDwiqvi) mwµq
ÿiY msNwUZ nq| Gme c`v_© bvwjKvi Pvicv‡ki Kjvim †_‡K bvwjKvi †fZ‡i wdj‡Uª‡U evwnZ nq Ges cwi‡k‡l g~‡Îi mv‡_ AcmvwiZ
nq| `yieZ©x cu¨vPv‡bv bvwjKvq nvB‡Wªv‡Rb, cUvwkqvg I A¨v‡gvwbqvg Avqb ÿwiZ nq|

‡iPb I Am‡gv‡i¸‡jk‡b e„‡°i f~wgKv t
‡iP‡b e„‡°i f~wgKv t g~Î Drcbœ I Z¨v‡Mi gva¨‡g e„° bvB‡Uªv‡RbNwUZ wecvKxq c`v‡_©i welgqZvRwbZ cÖwZwµqv †_‡K †`n‡K iÿv K‡i|
gvby‡li e„° `ywU e¨vcK i³RvwjKv mg„×| †`‡ni mg¯Í i°cÖevn cÖwZ 5 wgwb‡U GKevi e„‡°i gva¨‡g cwiï× n‡q ‡`‡ni Kv‡R wb‡qvwRZ
nq| G Kvi‡Y †Kv‡bv eR©¨ c`v_© i‡³ R‡g †_‡K kvixwiK e¨vNvZ m„wó Ki‡Z cv‡i bv|

Am‡gv‡i¸‡jk‡b e„‡°i f~wgKv t †Kvl ev †`nvf¨šÍixY Am‡gvwUK Pv‡ci mwµq wbqš¿Y‡K Am‡gv‡i¸‡jkb e‡j| Kv‡Ri †ÿ‡Î gvby‡li e„°
AZ¨šÍ bgbxq| †`n †ewk cvwb MªnY Ki‡j e„° wecyj cwigvY Kg Nb g~‡Îi m„wó K‡i| wKš‘ cvwb MÖn‡Yi cwigvY Kg n‡j †ewk Nb g~Î Drcbœ
K‡i kix‡i cvwb msiÿY K‡i| `ywU cÖwµqvi gva¨‡g GB cÖwµqv wbqwš¿Z nq-

mbRq P›`ª gÛj, mnKvwi Aa¨vcK, Dw™¢` weÁvb wefvM, RqcyinvU miKvwi K‡jR, RqcyinvU| 01713747235