Page 10 - Botany

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evnK †h wbDwK¬K A¨vwmW Zv‡K DNA e‡j|

DNA Gi ivmvqwbK MVb t DNA GK ai‡bi ivmvqwbK ‰Re †hŠM| GwU wbgœwjwLZ ivmvqwbK Dcv`vb mgš^‡q MwVZ Ñ
1) cuvP Kve©b wewkó wWAw·ivB‡evR ky¨Mvi|
2) GKwU dm‡dvwiK A¨vwmW|
3) bvB‡Uªv‡Rbvm †em t DNA AYy‡Z `yiKg bvB‡Uªv‡Rbvm †em _v‡K, h_v Ñ cvBwiwgwWb Ges wcDwib| cvBwiwgwWb ÑGwU
GKwU wis wb‡q MwVZ| DNA AYy‡Z mvB‡Uvwmb I _vBwgb bvgK `yB iK‡gi cvBwiwgwWb _v‡K| wcDwib Ñ GwU `yBwU wis
wb‡q MwVZ| DNA AYy‡Z A¨v‡Wwbb I ¸qvwbb bvgK `yB iK‡gi wcDwib _v‡K| wcDwib I cvBwiwgwWb †em wW-
Aw·ivB‡ev‡Ri m‡½ ivmvqwbK wjs‡KR MVb K‡i _v‡K, hv‡K wbDwK¬ImvBW e‡j| wbDwK¬ImvBW dm‡dvwiK A¨vwm‡Wi
m‡½ hy³ n‡q wbDwK¬IUvBW MVb K‡i| wbDwK¬IUvBW n‡jv DNA AYyi g~j KvVv‡gv| DNA AYy‡K ivmvqwbK ¸YMZfv‡e
wbDwK¬IUvB‡Wi cwjgvi ev cwjwbDwK¬IUvBW e‡j|

DNA Gi ‡fŠZ MVb t 1953 mv‡j weÁvbx IqvUmb I wµK DNA AYyi cÖwZK…wZi †h b·v cÖYqb K‡ib, Zvi MVb wbgœiƒc t
1) DNA AYy wØm~ÎK, web¨vm Nyiv‡bv (cuvPv‡bv) wmuwoi gZ, hv‡K ejv nq Wej †nwj·|

2) m~Î `ywU wecixZgyLx n‡q (GKwU 5©→3© gyLx, AciwU 3©→5© gyLx ) mg`yi‡Z¡ cvkvcvwk Aew¯’Z|
3) wmuwoi `yB w`‡Ki †iwjs ˆZwi nq wWAw·ivB‡evR ky¨Mvi I dm‡d‡Ui ch©vqµwgK mshyw³i gva¨‡g|
4) `yB w`‡Ki `ywU †iwjs Gi gvSLv‡bi cÖwZwU avc ˆZwi nq GK †Rvov bvB‡Uªv‡Rbvm †em (¶viK) w`‡q| DNA AYy‡Z
A¨vwWwbb (A) Gi mv‡_ _vBwgb (T) Ges mvB‡Uvwm‡bi (C) mv‡_ ¸qvwbb (G) hy³ nq| Giv ci¯úi m¤ú~iK|
5) GK w`‡Ki A¨vwWwbb Aci w`‡Ki _vBwg‡bi mv‡_ `yBwU nvB‡Wªv‡Rb eÛ w`‡q mshy³ _v‡K (A=T ev T=A) Ges
GKw`‡Ki mvB‡Uvwmb Aci w`‡Ki ¸qvwb‡bi mv‡_ wZbwU nvB‡Wªv‡Rb eÛ w`‡q hy³ _v‡K (C G ev GC)| Kv‡RB
wmuwoi avc nq A=T, A_ev C G |

6) ¶viK¸‡jv (A, T, C, G) ï¨Mv‡ii 1bs Kve©‡bi mv‡_ hy³ _v‡K|

7) Wej †nwj· Gi cÖwZwU N~Y©‡b (ev c¨uv‡P) 10 †Rvov g‡bvwbDwK¬IUvBW _v‡K| GK‡Rvov g‡bvwbDwK¬IUvB‡Wi ˆ`N©¨ 3.4 A, Kv‡RB
Wej †nwj· Gi cÖwZwU cu¨vP ev N~Y©‡bi `yiZ¡ 34 Å |
8) Wej †nwj· Gi e¨vm 20 Å , ˆ`N©¨ ˆewkó¨ Abyhvqx wfbœZi n‡Z cv‡i| wmuwoi GK avc n‡Z Aci av‡ci `~iZ¡ 3.4 Å A |
9) †nwj‡·i cÖwZ N~Y©b ev cu¨v‡P GKwU Mfxi I GKwU AMfxi LuvR ev fuv‡Ri m„wó nq|

DNA i KvR t eskMwZi aviK I evnK wn‡m‡e KvR K‡i|

RNA t †h wbDwK¬K A¨vwmWi cwjwbDwK¬IUvB‡Wi g‡bvgvi GKK¸‡jv‡Z MvVwbK Dcv`vbiy‡c ivB‡evR ï¨Mvi Ges Ab¨Zg †em
wn‡m‡e BDivwmj (DNA †Z †hLv‡b _vBwgb) _v‡K, Zv‡K RNA e‡j|
we¯Ívi t mvaviYZ †Kv‡li kZKiv cÖvq 90 fvM RNA mvB‡UvcøvR‡g _v‡K, evwKUv wbDwK¬qv‡m _v‡K|
RNA i MVb t

†fŠZ MVb t RNA GKm~ÎK †PBb-Gi b¨vq| GwU ¯’v‡b ¯’v‡b KzÛwjZ Ae¯’vq _v‡K| Gi MV‡b GKvwaK U AvK…wZi duvm _v‡K|
ivmvqwbK MVb t wb‡gœv³ ivmvqwbK c`v_© wb‡q RNA MwVZ nq Ñ

mbRq P›`ª gÛj, mnKvwi Aa¨vcK, Dw™¢` weÁvb wefvM, RqcyinvU miKvwi K‡jR, RqcyinvU| sanjoymondal1980@gmail.com Mob- 01713747235 10