Page 1201 - Basic _ Clinical Pharmacology ( PDFDrive )

Index 1187

Analytic epidemiologic studies, 15b case study of, 459, 473 benzocaine, 460t, 470
Anaphylaxis consciousness in, 447b bupivacaine, 460t, 462t, 470, 472t
histamine in, 281 with hypertension and coronary artery chloroprocaine, 470, 472t
sympathomimetics for, 152–153 disease, 440 cocaine, 460t, 470, 472t
Anastrozole, 739, 971 immobility in, 447b EMLA, 471
Andexanet alfa, 617 minimum alveolar concentration in, etidocaine, 470
Androgen receptor inhibitors, 744f, 443t, 446, 447b levobupivacaine, 470
744–745, 745t monitored anesthesia care in, 440, 441b lidocaine, 460t, 462t, 471, 472t
Androgen replacement therapy, in men, opioids for, 563–564 mepivacaine, 460t, 462t, 471
741t, 741–742 primary effects of, 440 prilocaine, 462t, 471, 472t
Androgens sedation in, 441b ropivacaine, 460t, 462t, 471, 472t
adrenal, 715 surgical, 446 future developments in
ovarian, 732 Anesthetics, general, 440–458. See also reduced toxicity and greater selectivity
Androgens and anabolic steroids, 740–743. specific types in, 471
See also specific types inhaled, 441–449 sustained-release formulations in,
adverse effects of, 742–743 intravenous, 449–457 471
clinical uses of mechanism of action of, 440–441 historical development of, 461b
aging, 742 preparations available, 458t in OTC agents, 1129t
androgen replacement therapy, in Anesthetics, inhaled, 441–449 pharmacodynamics of
men, 741t, 741–742 pharmacodynamics of mechanism of action in, 462f,
androgen steroid and androgen abuse, cardiovascular effects, 447–448 463–464
sports, 742 cerebral effects, 446 neuronal factors affecting block in,
anemia, 742 renal and hepatic effects, 448 465
growth stimulators, 742 respiratory effects, 448 structure-activity characteristics in,
gynecologic disorders, 742 uterine smooth muscle effects, 448 464–465
osteoporosis, 742 pharmacokinetics of, 441–446 pharmacokinetics of, 461–463
protein anabolic agents, 742 elimination in, 443t, 445–446 absorption in, 462, 463f
contraindications and cautions with, 743 structures of, 443f distribution in, 462–463
mechanism of action of, 741 uptake and distribution in, 442–446, metabolism and excretion in,
metabolism of, 740–741 443f–445f, 443t 462t, 463
pharmacologic effects of, 741 potency of, 443t, 445, 447b structure and properties in,
physiologic effects of, 741 targets of, putative, 441, 442f 460t, 462t
preparations of, 741, 741t, 745t toxicity of, 448–449 preparations available, 472t
synthesis of, 704f, 722f, 740 volatile vs. gaseous, 441 Angina of effort, vasodilators for, 208,
synthetic steroids with androgenic and Anesthetics, intravenous, 449–457 208f, 209t
anabolic action, 741, 741t balanced anesthesia in, 440, 449 Angina pectoris, 194–197
Androgen steroid abuse, in sports, 742 barbiturates, 442f, 450t, 451f, 453–454 definition of, 194
Androgen suppression, 743, 744f, 745t benzodiazepines, 389, 451f, 454–455 etiology of, 194
Androstenedione current clinical practice in, 457 pathophysiology of, 195–196
metabolism of, 740–741 dexmedetomidine, 450t, 457 coronary blood flow and myocardial
synthesis of, 740 etomidate, 450f, 450t, 455 oxygen supply in, 195
in women, 732 fospropofol, 452–453 myocardial oxygen demand in, 195,
Anemia fundamentals of, 449 195t
iron-deficiency, 592–596, 593f, 594t ketamine, 450f, 450t, 456–457 vascular tone in, 195t, 195–196,
lead exposure as cause of, 1022 opioid analgesics, 457 196f, 197f
nutritional, 594t, 594–595, 605t–606t propofol, 450f, 450t, 450–452 types of
pernicious, 598. See also Vitamin B 12 sedative-hypnotics, 388–389 classic, 194
deficiency Anesthetics, local, 459–473 effort, 194
Anemia drugs, 591–600. See also specific chemistry of, 459–461, 460f unstable, 195
agents clinical pharmacology of, 466–469 vasospastic, 194
androgens and anabolic steroids, 742 clinical block characteristics in, variant
folic acid, 598–600, 599b, 599f 466–467 ergot alkaloids for diagnosis of,
iron, 592–596, 593f, 594t injection sites for, 465, 466f 295
preparations available, 607t lipid resuscitation in, 469b nitrate effects in, 201
vitamin B 12 , 596–598, 597f toxicity of, 463f, 467–469 vasodilators for, 194–210, 209t–210t
Anesthesia commonly used, 460t, 462t, 469–471, Angioedema
amnesia in, 447b 472t description of, 284
balanced, 440, 449 articaine, 460t, 469–470 hereditary, kinins in, 307